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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2022-21-2-37-42</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-1071</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ (ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES (EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Особенности экспрессии nNOS и NeuN в коре головного мозга у крыс с разным уровнем когнитивных способностей при церебральной гипоперфузии с кратковременной физической нагрузкой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The nNOS and NeuN expression aspects in the cerebral cortex of rats with different cognitive abilities in cerebral hypoperfusion with short-term physical exercise</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Криштоп</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Сhrishtop</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Криштоп Владимир Владимирович – канд. мед. наук, ординарный доцент</p><p>191024, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Ломоносова, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Сhrishtop Vladimir V. – PhD</p><p>9, Lomonosova str., Saint Petersburg, Russia, 191024</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">chrishtop@scamt-itmo.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Румянцева</surname><given-names>Т. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Rumyantseva</surname><given-names>T. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Румянцева Татьяна Анатольевна – д-р мед. наук, зав. кафедрой анатомии человека</p><p>153000, Россия, г. Ярославль, Революционная ул., д. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Rumyantseva Tatiana A. – MD, professor</p><p>5, Revolyutsionnaya str., Yaroslavl, Russia, 153000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">rum-yar@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Никонорова</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nikonorova</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никонорова Варвара Геннадьевна – преподаватель, факультет биотехнологий</p><p>191024, Россия, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Ломоносова, д. 9</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nikonorova Varvara G.</p><p>9, Lomonosova str., Saint Petersburg, Russia, 191024</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">bgnikon@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пожилов</surname><given-names>Д. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Pozhilov</surname><given-names>D. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Пожилов Дмитрий Алексеевич – ассистент кафедры анатомии человека</p><p>153000, Россия, г. Ярославль, Революционная ул., д. 5</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Pozhilov Dmitry A.</p><p>5, Revolyutsionnaya str., Yaroslavl, Russia, 153000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">dmitry.oldman@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский университет ИТМО» Министерства образования и науки Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>ITMO University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ярославский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yaroslavl State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2022</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>07</month><year>2022</year></pub-date><volume>21</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>37</fpage><lpage>42</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Криштоп В.В., Румянцева Т.А., Никонорова В.Г., Пожилов Д.А., 2022</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2022</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Криштоп В.В., Румянцева Т.А., Никонорова В.Г., Пожилов Д.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Сhrishtop V.V., Rumyantseva T.A., Nikonorova V.G., Pozhilov D.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1071">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1071</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Физические нагрузки часто используются в реабилитационных мероприятиях для восстановления когнитивных функций после нарушения церебрального кровотока, однако типологические особенности, такие как исходный уровень когнитивных способностей, могут изменять их эффективность.</p><p>Цель – оценить экспрессию nNOS и NeuN в коре больших полушарий при развитии церебральной гипоперфузии у крыс с различными результатами в лабиринте Морриса.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Церебральная гипоперфузия моделировалась двусторонней перевязкой общих сонных артерий. До операции крысы Вистар делились на равные подгруппы с высоким (ВУК) и низким уровнем когнитивных способностей (НУК) по результатам тестирования в лабиринте Мориса. Животных выводили из эксперимента на 8-е, 21-е, 35-е, 60-е и 90-е сутки после операции, всего 184 крысы, из которых 24 составили группу контроля, 80 – подгруппу церебральная гипоперфузия, 80 животных ежедневно, начиная с 7-х суток эксперимента подвергались кратковременному плаванию.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Выявлено, при церебральной гипоперфузии изменения со стороны животных с ВУК возникают раньше, уже на 8-е сутки эксперимента, и сопровождаются более интенсивным снижением численной плотности nNOS позитивных нейронов – до 47 % от показателей контроля, длины отростков и ростом площади перикариона. У НУК снижение численной плотности достигает только 75 % от показателей контроля, а площадь перикариона не отличается от контрольных значений. В более поздние сроки, 60 и 90 суток эксперимента, НУК характеризуется сохранностью численной плотности нейронов и бóльшей длиной их отростков (67 % от показателей подгруппы контроля).</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. ВУК является фактором риска повреждения nNOS-позитивных нейронов при церебральной гипоперфузии. Физическая нагрузка более эффективно снижает экспрессию nNOS у животных с ВУК, что может быть одним из саногенетических механизмов этого фактора.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Physical activity is often used in rehabilitation to restore cognitive function after cerebral blood flow impairment and typological features like baseline cognitive ability may alter their effectiveness.</p><p>The aim was to evaluate the expression of nNOS and NeuN in the large hemisphere cortex in the cerebral hypoperfusion occurrence in rats having different scores in the Morris maze.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Cerebral hypoperfusion was simulated by bilateral ligation of the common carotid arteries. Before surgery, Wistar rats were divided into equal subgroups with high (HCA) and low levels of cognitive ability (LCA) according to the results of Morris maze testing. Animals were removed from the experiment at 8, 21, 35, 60, and 90 days after surgery, a total of 184 rats, 24 formed the control group and 80 formed the cerebral hypoperfusion subgroup with 80 animals undergoing short-term swimming daily starting on day 7 of the experiment.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. We revealed the earlier changes in HCA animals (8th day of the experiment) induced by cerebral hypoperfusion accompanied by a more intense nNOS-positive neurons density reduction to 47 % of control values, the length of their processes, and an increase in pericarion area. In LCA the decrease of density was only 75 % of control values and pericarion area does not differ from control values. At later periods on the 60 and 90 days of the experiment LCA demonstrates the preservation of the neurons density and greater length of their processes (67 % of the control subgroup values).</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. HCA is a risk factor for damage of nNOS-positive neurons in cerebral hypoperfusion. Physical exercise more effectively decreases nNOS expression in animals with HCA, which may be one of the sanogenetic mechanisms of this factor.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>nNOS</kwd><kwd>NeuN</kwd><kwd>кора головного мозга</kwd><kwd>церебральная гипоперфузия</kwd><kwd>физическая нагрузка</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>nNOS</kwd><kwd>NeuN</kwd><kwd>cerebral cortex</kwd><kwd>cerebral hypoperfusion</kwd><kwd>exercise</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Crosson B, Hampstead B, Krishnamurthy L et al. Advances in neurocognitive rehabilitation research from 1992 to 2017: The ascension of neural plasticity // Neuropsychology. 2017;31(8):900–920. 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