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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2017-16-2-90-100</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-118</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЛЕКЦИИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>LECTURES</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микроциркуляция и гемореология: точки взаимодействия</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Microcirculation and Hemorheology: points of interaction</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Муравьев</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Muravyov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">alexei.47@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Михайлов</surname><given-names>П. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Mikhailov</surname><given-names>P. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">mikhaylovpavel@pochta.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тихомирова</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tikhomirova</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">i.tikhomirova@yspu.org</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Ярославский государственный педагогический университет им. К. Д. Ушинского</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>State pedagogical university after K. D. Ushinsky</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2017</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2017</year></pub-date><volume>16</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>90</fpage><lpage>100</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Муравьев А.В., Михайлов П.В., Тихомирова И.А., 2017</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2017</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Муравьев А.В., Михайлов П.В., Тихомирова И.А.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Muravyov A.V., Mikhailov P.V., Tikhomirova I.A.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/118">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/118</self-uri><abstract><p>Транспорт дыхательных газов и всего спектра веществ для метаболизма клеток является скоординированной функцией крови и системы кровообращения. Поэтому цель обзора - рассмотреть основные теоретические и экспериментальные исследования по микроциркуляции и гемореологии с акцентом на механизмы их взаимосвязи, а также влияние отдельных гемореологических характеристик на эффективность микрососудистой перфузии тканей. Выполнен анализ важной роли микрореологической характеристики эритроцитов - деформируемости в регионарном кровообращении и микроциркуляции, показаны сигнальные молекулярные механизмы, ассоциированные с изменением этого параметра красных клеток крови. Приведены данные, свидетельствующие о роли эритроцитов в регуляции тонуса артериол и функциональной плотности капилляров. Обсужден механизм этой регуляции, связанный с выделением сигнальной молекулы - аденозинтрифосфата (АТФ), и его стимулирование синтеза оксида азота эндотелиальными клетками. В обзоре выполнен комплексный анализ участия основных гемореологических характеристик в регуляции микрососудистой перфузии и, в том числе, показана роль оптимальной вязкости цельной крови, вязкости плазмы и гематокрита в обеспечении эффективной тканевой перфузии и оксигенации.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Transport of respiratory gases and the entire spectrum of substances for the metabolism of cells is carried out by coordinated work of circulation and blood. The review considers the main theoretical and experimental studies on microcirculation and hemorheology with an emphasis on the mechanisms of their interrelation and on the influence of individual hemorheological characteristics on the regulation of microvascular tissue perfusion. The analysis of the leading microrheological characteristics of erythrocytes - deformability is performed, the signal molecular mechanisms associated with the change of this cell parameter are shown. Data on the role of erythrocytes in the regulation of arteriolar tonus and functional density of capillaries are given. The mechanism of this regulation by exocytosis with erythrocytes adenosine triphosphate (ATP) and its stimulation of nitric oxide synthesis by endothelial cells is discussed. The review performed a comprehensive analysis of the participation of major hemorheological characteristics in the regulation of microvascular perfusion, including the role of the optimal viscosity of whole blood and the viscosity of plasma for effective tissue perfusion and oxygenation.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гемореология</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>эритроциты</kwd><kwd>деформируемость и агрегация</kwd><kwd>сигнальные молекулы</kwd><kwd>АТФ</kwd><kwd>NO</kwd><kwd>регуляция тонуса микрососудов</kwd><kwd>hemorheology</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>erythrocytes</kwd><kwd>deformability</kwd><kwd>aggregation</kwd><kwd>signaling molecules</kwd><kwd>ATP</kwd><kwd>NO</kwd><kwd>microvascular tone regulation</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ивенс И., Скейлак Р. Механика и термодинамика биологических мембран. 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