microcirculationРегионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляцияRegional blood circulation and microcirculation1682-66552712-9756Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University10.24884/1682-6655-2024-23-1-87-99microcirculation-1287Research ArticleЛЕКЦИИLECTURESРедкие интерстициальные заболевания легких у младенцевRare interstitial lung diseases in infantshttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2657-8778ИльинаН. А.IlyinaN. A.

Ильина Наталья Александровна – д-р мед. наук, профессор кафедры лучевой диагностики, врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики

195067, Санкт-Петербург, Пискаревский пр., д. 47

198205, Санкт-Петербург, Авангардная ул., д. 14

Ilyina Natalia A. – MD, Professor, Radiology Diagnostics Department, Radiologist

47, Piskarevskii str., Saint Petersburg, 195067

14, Avangardnaya str., Saint Petersburg, 198205

ilyina-natal@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-3934-6290ПрусаковаК. В.PrusakovaK. V.

Прусакова Ксения Владимировна – врач-рентгенолог отделения лучевой диагностики

198205, Санкт-Петербург, Авангардная ул., д. 14

Prusakova Ksenya V. – Radiologist of the Department of Diagnostic Radiology

14, Avangardnaya str., Saint Petersburg, 198205

ksenya.rush@mail.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0003-2657-8778АлексееваА. Л.AlekseevaA. L.

Алексеева Анна Леонидовна – врач-патологоанатом патологоанатомического отделения

198205, Санкт-Петербург, Авангардная ул., д. 14

 

Alekseeva Anna L. – Pathologist, Pathological anatomy Department

14, Avangardnaya str., Saint Petersburg, 198205

nhen81@mail.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования Северо-Западный государственный медицинский университет имени И. И. Мечникова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации ; Санкт-Петербургское государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Детский городской многопрофильный клинический специализированный центр высоких медицинских технологий»РоссияNorth-Western State Medical University named after I. I. Mechnikov ; Saint Petersburg children’s municipal multi-specialty clinical center of high medical technologyRussian FederationСанкт-Петербургское государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Детский городской многопрофильный клинический специализированный центр высоких медицинских технологий»РоссияSaint Petersburg children’s municipal multi-specialty clinical center of high medical technologyRussian Federation2024070420242318799Copyright © Ильина Н.А., Прусакова К.В., Алексеева А.Л., 20242024Ильина Н.А., Прусакова К.В., Алексеева А.Л.Ilyina N.A., Prusakova K.V., Alekseeva A.L.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1287

Диагностика интерстициальных заболеваний легких (ИЗЛ) у младенцев вызывает значительные сложности ввиду того, что дифференциальный ряд охватывает более 200 вариантов нозологий с общей предполагаемой распространенностью 1,6–46 на 100 000, по данным ряда исследований. Таким образом, ИЗЛ младенцев встречаются в 10 раз реже, чем у взрослых. Спектр ИЗЛ младенцев существенно отличается от спектра заболеваний, наблюдаемого у детей старшего возраста и взрослых. Интерес к теме ИЗЛ младенцев возрос за последние 20 лет, о чем свидетельствуют опубликованные результаты многочисленных исследований и обзоров, созданы мультидисциплинарные группы и респираторные общества, такие как Американское торакальное общество (ATS), Европейское респираторное общество по сотрудничеству в области клинических исследований детей с ИЗЛ (ERS CRC chILD-EU), Французский справочный центр редких заболеваний легких (RespiRare) и т. д. В данной лекции обсуждаются последние достижения в изучении и диагностике ИЗЛ младенцев, особое внимание уделяется редким и ультраредким типам ИЗЛ. Кроме того, обсуждаются вопросы этапов диагностического поиска и возрастающая роль компьютерной томографии.

The diagnosis of interstitial lung disease in infants (chILD) is challenging due to the fact that the differential range encompasses more than 200 variants of nosologies with an overall estimated prevalence of 1.6–46 per 100,000 according to several studies. Thus, chILDs are 10 times less common than in adults. The chILD disease spectrum differs significantly from that seen in older children and adults. Interest in the topic of chILD has increased over the past 20 years, as evidenced by the published results of numerous studies and reviews. Also, multidisciplinary groups and respiratory societies have been established, such as the American Thoracic Society (ATS), the European Research Collaboration for Children’s Interstitial Lung Disease (ERS CRC chILD-EU), the French National Reference Center for Rare Respiratory Diseases in Children (RESPIRARE), etc. This article discusses recent advances in the study and diagnosis of chILD, with a special focus on rare and ultra-rare types of chILD. In addition, the stages of the diagnostic search and the increasing role of computed tomography are discussed.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.