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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2025-24-3-50-56</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-1451</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ (КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES (CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Функциональные пробы в повышении эффективности ультразвуковой допплерографии сосудов микроциркуляторного русла в диагностике эндотелиальной функции при сахарном диабете 2 типа</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Functional Tests for Improving the Effectiveness of Ultrasound Dopplerography of Microvascular Vessels in Diagnosing of Endothelial Function in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2062-290X</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Малахова</surname><given-names>З. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Malakhova</surname><given-names>Z. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Зинаида Леонидовна Малахова – врач отделения ультразвуковой диагностики</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Malakhova Zinaida L. – Sonographer, Department of Ultrasound Diagnostics</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zinaida.malahova@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Маргарянц</surname><given-names>Н. Б.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Margaryants</surname><given-names>N. B.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Никита Борисович Маргарянц – канд. техн. наук, доцент кафедры физики, математики и информатики</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Margaryants Nikita B. – Candidate (PhD) of Technical Sciences, Associate Professor, Department of Physics, Mathematics and Informatics</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">nikita.optic@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4282-8717</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тишков</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tishkov</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тишков Артем Валерьевич – канд. физ.-мат. наук, доцент, зав. кафедрой физики, математики и информатики</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Tishkov Artem V. – Candidate (PhD) of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Associate Professor, Head, Department of Physics, Mathematics, and Informatics</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">artem.tishkov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3300-1280</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Мурашева</surname><given-names>А. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Murasheva</surname><given-names>A. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Мурашева Анна Владимировна – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник НИЛ клинической эндокринологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p><p>197341, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Аккуратова, д. 2</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Murasheva Anna V. – Candidate (PhD) of Medical Sciences, Senior Researcher</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p><p>2, Akkuratova str., Saint Petersburg, 197341</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">annasimanenkova@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-7115-7123</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лазовская</surname><given-names>О. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lazovskaya</surname><given-names>O. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лазовская Ольга Александровна – ассистент кафедры общей врачебной практики (семейной медицины)</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lazovskaya Olga A. – Assistant Lecturer, GP (Family Medicine) Department</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">olazovskaya@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0882-2936</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукина</surname><given-names>О. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukina</surname><given-names>O. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукина Ольга Васильевна – д-р мед. наук, доцент, и. о. зав. кафедрой рентгенологии и радиационной медицины</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lukina Olga V. – MD, Associate Professor, Acting Head, Radiology and Radiation Medicine Department</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">griluk@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6951-7599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власов</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasov</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Тимур Дмитриевич Власов – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой патофизиологии с курсом клинической патофизиологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vlasov Timur D. – Dr. of Sci. (Med.), Professor, Head, Department of Pathophysiology</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg, 197022</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvlasov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации;  Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр имени В. А. Алмазова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University; Almazov National Medical Research Centre</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2025</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>26</day><month>10</month><year>2025</year></pub-date><volume>24</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>50</fpage><lpage>56</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Малахова З.Л., Маргарянц Н.Б., Тишков А.В., Мурашева А.В., Лазовская О.А., Лукина О.В., Власов Т.Д., 2025</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2025</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Малахова З.Л., Маргарянц Н.Б., Тишков А.В., Мурашева А.В., Лазовская О.А., Лукина О.В., Власов Т.Д.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Malakhova Z.L., Margaryants N.B., Tishkov A.V., Murasheva A.V., Lazovskaya O.A., Lukina O.V., Vlasov T.D.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1451">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1451</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Исследования последних десятилетий доказали значимость роли эндотелия в регуляции сосудистого тонуса при различных патологиях и существенно изменили представление о нем, а также показали его ключевую роль в патогенезе ряда системных патологий, таких как сахарный диабет, атеросклероз, гипертония и многих других.Цель – сравнить диагностическую значимость ультразвуковой допплерографии сосудов микроциркуляторного русла (МЦР) с применением двух нагрузочных проб: ионофореза и окклюзионной пробы у пациентов с сахарным диабетом (СД) 2 типа и группой контроля.Материалы и методы. Пациентам с СД 2 типа и контрольным группам выполнялись функциональные тесты: окклюзионная проба и ионофорез раствора ацетилхолина с оценкой реакции сосудов микроциркуляции ультразвуковой допплерографией.Результаты. Пациенты в группе СД 2 типа демонстрировали измененную динамику ответа на сосудистую окклюзию, достоверные различия в степени прироста показателей кровотока в МЦР в ответ на окклюзионную пробу наблюдались уже на 2-й минуте после дефляции манжеты (р&lt;0,001), а в группе с ионофорезом ацетилхолина – на 4-й минуте после проведения ионофореза (р&lt;0,001).Заключение: обе методики оказались эффективны в диагностике дисфункции эндотелия у пациентов с сахарным диабетом 2 типа и продемонстрировали высокую воспроизводимость.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction. Researches in recent decades have proved the importance of the endothelium role in regulating vascular tone in various pathologies and have significantly changed the perception of it, having shown its key role in the pathogenesis of a number of systemic pathologies such as diabetes mellitus, atherosclerosis, hypertension and many others. Aim. To compare the diagnostic significance of ultrasound dopplerography of microcirculatory vessels (MCV) using 2 stress tests: iontophoresis and occlusion test in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus and a control group.Materials and methods. Patients with type 2 diabetes and control groups were performed functional tests: occlusion test and ionophoresis of acetylcholine solution, with assessment of microcirculatory vascular response by ultrasound dopplerography.Results. Patients in the type 2 diabetes group had altered response dynamics to vascular occlusion, with significant differences in the degree of increase in blood flow indicators in the MCV in response to the occlusion test were observed as early as 2 minutes after cuff deflation (p&lt;0.001), and in the group with acetylcholine iontophoresis, 4 minutes after iontophoresis (p&lt;0.001).Conclusion. Both techniques proved to be accurate in diagnosing endothelial dysfunction in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus, and demonstrated high reproducibility.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндотелиальная дисфункция</kwd><kwd>реактивная гиперемия</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>эндотелий</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>reactive hyperemia</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>endothelium</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Покровская Е. В., Шестакова Е. А., Шестакова М. В. Эндотелиальная дисфункция у лиц с ожирением при наличии и отсутствии сахарного диабета 2 типа: оценка специфических маркеров // Сахарный диабет. 2023. Т. 26, № 5. С. 439–445.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pokrovskaya EV, Shestakova EA, Shestakova MV. 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