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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2026-25-1-15-21</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-1514</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Морфофункциональная организация гемомикроциркуляторного русла в почках в норме и при острых хирургических заболеваниях органов брюшной полости</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Morphofunctional Organization of the Hemomicrocirculatory Bed in Kidneys in Normal Conditions and in Acute Surgical Diseases of the Abdominal Organs</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0001-1820-2968</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Полунин</surname><given-names>С. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Polunin</surname><given-names>S. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Полунин Сергей Викторович – канд. мед. наук, старший врач-специалист хирургического отделения.</p><p>105094, Москва, Госпитальная пл., д. 3А</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Polunin Sergey V. – Candidate (PhD) of Medical Sciences, Senior Specialist, Surgical Department.</p><p>3A, Gospital`naya pl., Moscow, 105094</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">spolunin2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7166-0290</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Переходов</surname><given-names>С. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Perehodov</surname><given-names>S. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Переходов Сергей Николаевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, зав. кафедрой госпитальной хирургии.</p><p>127994, Москва, Рахмановский пер., д. 3</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Perekhodov Sergey N. – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Corresponding Member of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Head, Department of Hospital Surgery.</p><p>3, Rakhmanovskij str., Moscow, 127994</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">persenmd@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0004-9284-0732</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бартош</surname><given-names>Н. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bartosh</surname><given-names>N. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Бартош Николай Олегович – д-р мед. наук, членкорреспондент рАо, профессор кафедры топографической анатомии и оперативной хирургии имени академика Ю. М. Лопухина института анатомии и морфологии им. академика Ю. М. Лопухина.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bartosh Nikolay O. – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Correspondent Member of the Russian Academy of Education, Professor, Department of Topographic Anatomy and Operative Surgery named after Academician Y. M. Lopukhin, Lopukhin Institute of Anatomy and Morphology.</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">no.bartosh@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8552-6727</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Милюков</surname><given-names>В. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Milyukov</surname><given-names>V. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Милюков Владимир Ефимович – д-р мед. наук, профессор, кафедра анатомии человека.</p><p>117997, Москва, ул. Островитянова, д. 1</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Milyukov Vladimir E. – Doctor of Medical Sciences, Professor, Department of Human Anatomy.</p><p>1, Ostrovityanova str., Moscow, 117997</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">Milyucov@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-3"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2190-6648</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нгуен</surname><given-names>К. К.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Nguyen</surname><given-names>C. C.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Нгуен Као Кыонг, канд. мед. наук, декан факультета фармако-медсестринского дела.</p><p>Далат, ул. ТонТхатТунг, д. 27</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Nguyen Cao C. – PhD, Dean, Faculty of Pharmacy and Nursing.</p><p>27, str. Ton That Tung, Da Lat City</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">spolunin2@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-4"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Главный военный клинический госпиталь им. академика Н.Н. Бурденко» Министерства обороны Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Burdenko Main Military Clinical Hospital</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский университет медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Russian University of Medicine</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-3"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Российский национальный исследовательский медицинский университет им. Н.И. Пирогова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-4"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Университет им. Йерсена</institution><country>Вьетнам</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Yersin University of Da Lat</institution><country>Viet Nam</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>15</fpage><lpage>21</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Полунин С.В., Переходов С.Н., Бартош Н.О., Милюков В.Е., Нгуен К.К., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Полунин С.В., Переходов С.Н., Бартош Н.О., Милюков В.Е., Нгуен К.К.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Polunin S.V., Perehodov S.N., Bartosh N.O., Milyukov V.E., Nguyen C.C.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1514">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1514</self-uri><abstract><p>Анализ исследований последних лет в базах интегрированных (в PubMed, Science Direct и Scopus) показали, что ургентная абдоминальная патология в хирургии приводит к функциональным нарушениям почек; развиваются острое повреждение почек и острая почечная функциональная недостаточность. Без своевременной диагностики и патогенетически обоснованного лечения многие нефрологические заболевания приводят к хронической функциональной недостаточности почек и к терминальной хронической почечной недостаточности – угрожающему жизни состоянию, при котором требуется заместительная терапия в виде гемодиализа или пересадки почки. Микроциркуляторное русло является главным звеном функционального элемента органа – пространственно ориентированного структурного и функционального комплекса, состоящего из клеточных и волокнистых образований данного органа или ткани. Многочисленными исследованиями доказано, что каждый орган имеет свое специфическое морфологическое строение и, следовательно, специфические особенности строения функциональных элементов. Построение микроциркуляторного русла тесно связано с конструкцией органов, формированием их структурно-функциональных единиц, а организация гемомикроциркуляторного русла определяет микрогемодинамику и обмен веществ в органах и тканях. Очевидно, что без глубоких знаний морфофункциональных изменений, протекающих на уровне гемомикроциркуляции в почках при эндотоксикозе и после его устранения, не может быть качественного улучшения патогенетической терапии больных с острой почечной недостаточностью, осложняющей течение различных ургентных хирургических заболеваний. Выяснение основных этапов формирования морфофункциональных изменений и морфометрических показателей перестройки внутриорганных сосудов в почках и в почечных тельцах в корреляции с временными характеристиками динамики развития патологического процесса в брюшной полости позволит расширить представления о механизмах адаптации системы кровообращения, что имеет теоретическое и практическое значение для медицины в целом и, в частности, для неотложной абдоминальной хирургии.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Recent studies in the integrated bases (PubMed, Science Direct and Scopus) have shown that urgent abdominal pathology in surgery leads to functional disorders of kidneys, acute kidney damage, and acute renal functional insufficiency. Without timely diagnosis and pathogenetically based treatment, many nephrological diseases lead to chronic renal functional insufficiency and terminal chronic renal insufficiency, a life-threatening condition that requires replacement therapy such as hemodialysis or kidney transplantation. The microcirculatory bed is the main link of the functional element of an organ – a spatially oriented structural and functional complex consisting of cellular and fibrous formations of a given organ or tissue. Numerous studies have proven that each organ has its own specific morphological structure, and therefore, specific features of the structure of functional elements. The structure of the microcirculatory bed is closely related to the structure of the organs and the formation of their structural and functional units, and the organization of the microcirculatory bed determines microhemodynamics and metabolism in organs and tissues. It is obvious that without a deep understanding of the morphofunctional changes that occur at the level of hemimicrocirculation in the kidneys during endotoxicosis and after its elimination, there can be no qualitative improvement in the pathogenetic therapy of patients with acute renal failure that complicates the course of various urgent surgical diseases. Clarifying the main stages of morphofunctional changes and morphometric indicators of the restructuring of intraorgan vessels in the kidneys and renal corpuscles in correlation with the temporal characteristics of the dynamics of the pathological process in the abdominal cavity will expand our understanding of the mechanisms of adaptation of the circulatory system, which is of theoretical and practical importance for medicine in general and, in particular, for emergency abdominal surgery.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>острое повреждение почек</kwd><kwd>нефрон</kwd><kwd>почечные канальцы</kwd><kwd>почечные тельца</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>acute kidney injury</kwd><kwd>nephron</kwd><kwd>renal tubules</kwd><kwd>renal corpuscles</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Адыширин-Заде Э. А. 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