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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2026-25-1-76-84</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-1525</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ (ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES (EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние гипоксического прекондиционирования на липидный состав ткани мозга и легочный сурфактант при острой церебральной ишемии у крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Effects of Hypoxic Preconditioning on the Lipid Composition of Brain Tissue and Pulmonary Surfactant in Rats with Acute Cerebral Ischemia</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0009-0003-9414-2711</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Герасимов</surname><given-names>П. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Gerasimov</surname><given-names>P. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брындина Ирина Георгиевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой патологической физиологии и иммунологии.</p><p>426034, Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, д. 281</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Gerasimov Pavel N. – Assistant lecturer, Department of Pathological Physiology and Immunology.</p><p>281, Kommunarov str., Izhevsk, 426034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">machaon20@yahoo.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-3543-9617</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Лукина</surname><given-names>С. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Lukina</surname><given-names>S. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Лукина Светлана Александровна – доктор мед. наук, профессор кафедры патологической физиологии и иммунологии.</p><p>426034, Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, д. 281</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Lukina Svetlana A. – Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Department of Pathological Physiology and Immunology.</p><p>281, Kommunarov str., Izhevsk, 426034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">saluk@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4099-4508</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Брындина</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bryndina</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Брындина Ирина Георгиевна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой патологической физиологии и иммунологии.</p><p>426034, Ижевск, ул. Коммунаров, д. 281</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Bryndina Irina G. – Dr. Med. Sci., Professor, Head, Department of Pathological Physiology and Immunology.</p><p>281, Kommunarov str., Izhevsk, 426034</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">i_bryndina@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Ижевский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Izhevsk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>27</day><month>04</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>76</fpage><lpage>84</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Герасимов П.Н., Лукина С.А., Брындина И.Г., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Герасимов П.Н., Лукина С.А., Брындина И.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Gerasimov P.N., Lukina S.A., Bryndina I.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1525">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1525</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Липиды являются основным структурным компонентом клеточных мембРАН и участвуют в регуляции функций нейрональных мембРАН. Нарушения липидного обмена рассматриваются как важное патогенетическое звено острой церебральной ишемии.</p></sec><sec><title>Цель</title><p>Цель. Оценить влияние гипоксического прекондиционирования (ГП) на липидный состав ткани мозга и прооксидантную активность легких при острой церебральной ишемии у крыс.</p></sec><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Эксперименты проведены на 37 самцах белых нелинейных крыс массой 180–230 г. Церебральную ишемию моделировали комбинированной перевязкой общих сонных артерий. Неврологический дефицит оценивали по шкале Гарсиа. Липидный состав ткани мозга исследовали методом тонкослойной хроматографии, интенсивность перекисного окисления липидов — по концентрации малонового диальдегида.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. При ишемии мозга выживаемость животных составляла 20 %, тогда как при гипоксическом прекондиционировании увеличивалась до 34 %. Средний балл по шкале Гарсиа снижался с 18 у ложнооперированных животных до 10,9±0,5 при ишемии и составлял 13,1±0,4 при ишемии на фоне ГП (p&lt;0,05). В ткани мозга концентрация фосфатидилхолина, сфингомиелина, фосфатидилэтаноламина и фосфатидилинозитола снижалась на 59,3 %, 60,2 %, 34,9 % и 37 % соответственно, тогда как содержание лизофосфолипидов увеличивалось в 3,79 раза. Уровень церамида возрастал в 4,2 раза, а церамид-1-фосфата снижался на 47,4 %. ГП уменьшало содержание лизофосфолипидов и церамида (в 1,9 раза) и повышало концентрацию церамид1-фосфата в 1,7 раза. В легочной ткани при ишемии концентрация малонового диальдегида увеличивалась в 3,1 раза, а при ГП снижалась в 1,5 раза.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Гипоксическое прекондиционирование оказывает системное протекторное действие, частично нормализуя липидный метаболизм мозга и уменьшая выраженность неврологического дефицита при церебральной ишемии.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. Lipids are major structural components of cell membranes and are involved in the regulation of neuronal membrane functions. Alterations in lipid metabolism are considered an important pathogenetic mechanism of acute cerebral ischemia.</p></sec><sec><title>Aim</title><p>Aim. To evaluate the effect of hypoxic preconditioning (HP) on the lipid composition of brain tissue and pulmonary pro-oxidant activity in rats with acute cerebral ischemia.</p></sec><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Experiments were performed on 37 male outbred white rats weighing 180 – 230 g. Cerebral ischemia was induced by combined common carotid artery ligation. Neurological deficit was assessed using the Garcia scale. The lipid composition of brain tissue was analyzed by thin-layer chromatography, and lipid peroxidation intensity was assessed by measuring malondialdehyde concentration.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In cerebral ischemia, animal survival was 20%, whereas HP increased survival to 34%. The Garcia score decreased from 18 in sham-operated animals to 10.9±0.5 after ischemia and was 13.1±0.4 in the HP group (p&lt;0.05). In brain tissue, phosphatidylcholine, sphingomyelin, phosphatidylethanolamine and phosphatidylinositol concentrations decreased by 59.3%, 60.2%, 34.9%, and 37%, respectively, while lysophospholipids increased 3.79-fold. Ceramide levels increased 4.2-fold, whereas ceramide-1-phosphate decreased by 47.4%. HP reduced lysophospholipid and ceramide levels (1.9-fold) and increased ceramide-1-phosphate concentration 1.7-fold. In lung tissue, the malondialdehyde concentration increased 3.1-fold during ischemia and decreased 1.5-fold with HP.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. Hypoxic preconditioning exerts systemic protective effects, partially normalizing brain lipid metabolism and reducing neurological deficit in cerebral ischemia.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гипоксическое прекондиционирование</kwd><kwd>фосфолипиды</kwd><kwd>сфинголипиды мозга</kwd><kwd>легочный сурфактант</kwd><kwd>церебральная ишемия</kwd><kwd>эксперимент</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>hypoxic preconditioning</kwd><kwd>phospholipids</kwd><kwd>brain sphingolipids</kwd><kwd>pulmonary surfactant</kwd><kwd>cerebral ischemia</kwd><kwd>experiment</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Qin C, Yang S, Chu YH, et al. 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