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<article article-type="review-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2026-25-3-4-15</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-1566</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспериментальные модели дисфункции эндотелия.  Зачем создавать и нужны ли они?</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental Models of Endothelial Dysfunction:  Why Create Them and Are They?</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6951-7599</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власов</surname><given-names>Т. Д.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasov</surname><given-names>T. D.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Власов Тимур Дмитриевич – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой патофизиологии с курсом клинической патофизиологии</p><p>197022, Санкт-Петербург, ул. Льва Толстого, д. 6-8</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vlasov Timur D. – mD, Professor, Head, Department of Pathophysiology</p><p>6-8, L’va Tolstogo str., Saint Petersburg,197022 </p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">tvlasov@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><contrib-id contrib-id-type="orcid">https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2624-6450</contrib-id><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Власова</surname><given-names>Т. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Vlasova</surname><given-names>T. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Власова Татьяна Ивановна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, зав. кафедрой нормальной и патологической физиологии</p><p>430000, г. Саранск, ул. Большевистская, д. 68</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Vlasova Tatyana I. – mD, Professor, Head, Department of normal and Pathological Physiology</p><p>68, Bolshevistskaya str., Saransk, 430000</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">vlasova-t.i@mrsu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Национальный исследовательский Мордовский государственный университет имени Н. П. Огарева»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>National Research Mordovia State University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2026</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>05</day><month>10</month><year>2026</year></pub-date><volume>25</volume><issue>3</issue><fpage>4</fpage><lpage>15</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Власов Т.Д., Власова Т.И., 2026</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2026</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Власов Т.Д., Власова Т.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Vlasov T.D., Vlasova T.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1566">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/1566</self-uri><abstract><p>Дисфункция эндотелия (ДЭ) как типовое патологическое состояние, сопровождающее большинство заболеваний, связанных с нарушением гомеостаза, зачастую носит вторичный характер, но обладает самостоятельным патогенетическим значением, участвуя в развитии атеросклероза, тромбозов и органных осложнений, в связи с чем в экспериментальных исследованиях важной задачей является воспроизведение ДЭ как самостоятельного объекта для изучения ее механизмов и способов коррекции. В данном обзоре рассмотрены существующие подходы к моделированию ДЭ: модели in vitro, основанные на использовании культур эндотелиальных клеток животных и человека, в том числе органоспецифичных линий, а также возможности создания трехмерных биоинженерных сосудистых конструкций, систем «орган-на-чипе»; модели ex vivo – исследование фрагментов сосудов или изолированных перфузируемых органов, где эндотелий сохраняет естественное микроокружение; модели in vivo, обеспечивающие наиболее полное воспроизведение клинических состояний.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Endothelial dysfunction (ED), a typical pathological condition accompanying most diseases associated with disturbances of homeostasis, is often secondary in nature but has independent pathogenetic significance, contributing to the development of atherosclerosis, thrombosis, and organ complications. Therefore, an important objective of experimental research is to reproduce ED as an independent research target for studying its mechanisms and methods for its correction. This review summarizes the existing approaches to modeling ED: in vitro models based on animal- and human-derived endothelial cell cultures, including organ-specific cell lines, as well as three-dimensional bioengineered vascular constructs and organ-on-achip systems; ex vivo models involving the study of vascular fragments or isolated perfused organs, where the endothelium retains its natural microenvironment; and in vivo models, which provide the most complete reproduction of clinical conditions. </p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>дисфункция эндотелия</kwd><kwd>моделирование</kwd><kwd>культуры эндотелиальных клеток</kwd><kwd>изолированные органы</kwd><kwd>генетические модели заболеваний</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endothelial dysfunction</kwd><kwd>modeling</kwd><kwd>endothelial cell cultures</kwd><kwd>isolated organs</kwd><kwd>genetic disease models</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Власов Т. 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