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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2014-13-2-11-20</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-324</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Экспериментальные модели венозного тромбоза на мелких лабораторных животных</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Experimental models of venous thrombosis in small laboratory animals</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Сонин</surname><given-names>Д. Л.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Sonin</surname><given-names>D. L.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sonin_d@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Петрищев</surname><given-names>Н. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Petrishchev</surname><given-names>N. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Тюкавин</surname><given-names>А. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Tiukavin</surname><given-names>A. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ивкин</surname><given-names>Д. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivkin</surname><given-names>D. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">noemail@neicon.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова; Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Almazov Medical Research Center; I.P. Pavlov State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральный медицинский исследовательский центр им. В.А. Алмазова; Санкт-Петербургская государственная химико-фармацевтическая академия</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Federal Almazov Medical Research Center; St. Petersburg State Chemical-Pharmaceutical Academy</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>06</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>11</fpage><lpage>20</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Сонин Д.Л., Петрищев Н.Н., Тюкавин А.И., Ивкин Д.Ю., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Сонин Д.Л., Петрищев Н.Н., Тюкавин А.И., Ивкин Д.Ю.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Sonin D.L., Petrishchev N.N., Tiukavin A.I., Ivkin D.Y.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/324">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/324</self-uri><abstract><p>Статья посвящена анализу экспериментальных моделей венозного тромбоза у крыс и мышей. Сделано заключение, что для получения хорошо воспроизводимого венозного тромбоза у мелких лабораторных животных наиболее успешно применяются модели стаза, стеноза, аппликации солевых растворов (хлористого железа) и электролитическая модель. Особое место среди моделей венозного тромбоза занимает тромбоз, инициируемый лазерным излучением. Эта модель позволяет изучать клеточные механизмы тромбообразования в функционирующем микроциркуляторном русле. В последние годы при проведении доклинических исследований эффективности антикоагулянтов используется ультразвуковой метод визуализации, позволяющий прижизненно наблюдать и определять размеры тромба, как в процессе его формирования, так и после введения тестируемых соединений. В обзоре приводятся данные о гендерных различиях и особенностях методов моделирования тромбоза, которые могут влиять на характер тромбообразования, время наблюдения и спектр получаемых результатов.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this review we describe and critically analyze the experimental models of venous thrombosis in rats and mice. The most commonly used models are stasis, stenosis, application of saline solutions (ferric chloride) and electrolytic model, which allow getting good reproducibility of venous thrombosis in small experimental animals. All of them allow us to study mechanisms of thrombus formation. In particular, microvascular thrombosis models allowing real-time observation and study of cellular mechanisms of thrombus growth. Recently, ultrasound imaging was used in preclinical studies on effectiveness of new anticoagulants. It allows observing and measuring thrombus in the process of its formation and after the administration of test compounds. The review provides data on gender differences and the characteristics of methods that can influence the nature of initiation of thrombus formation, the time of observation and the obtaining parameters.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>венозный тромбоз</kwd><kwd>экспериментальная модель</kwd><kwd>тромбообразование</kwd><kwd>стаз</kwd><kwd>хлористое железо</kwd><kwd>лазериндуцированный тромбоз</kwd><kwd>фотодинамический тромбоз</kwd><kwd>venous thrombosis</kwd><kwd>experimental model</kwd><kwd>thrombus formation</kwd><kwd>stasis</kwd><kwd>ferric chloride</kwd><kwd>laser-induced thrombosis</kwd><kwd>photodynamic thrombosis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Белянина Е. О., Гаврилов Е. К., Гудымович В. Г. и др. Основы клинической флебологии. М.: Нац. мед.-хирург. центр им. Н. И. 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