<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2015-14-4-22-27</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-36</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES (CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Состояние церебрального артериального комплайенса у пациентов с тяжелой сочетанной черепно-мозговой травмой</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>The Cerebral Arterial Compliance in Polytraumat</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Трофимов</surname><given-names>А. О.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Trofimov</surname><given-names>A. O.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">xtro7@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Калентьев</surname><given-names>Г. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kalentyev</surname><given-names>G. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">xtro7@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Агаркова</surname><given-names>Д. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Agarkova</surname><given-names>D. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">xtro7@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Григорьева</surname><given-names>В. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grigoryeva</surname><given-names>V. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">semashko@semashko.nnov.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Нижегородская областная клиническая больница им. Н.А. Семашко</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Regional Hospital named after N.A. Semashko</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>22</fpage><lpage>27</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Трофимов А.О., Калентьев Г.В., Агаркова Д.И., Григорьева В.Н., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Трофимов А.О., Калентьев Г.В., Агаркова Д.И., Григорьева В.Н.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Trofimov A.O., Kalentyev G.V., Agarkova D.I., Grigoryeva V.N.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/36">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/36</self-uri><abstract><p>Введение. Показателем, характеризующим податливость сосудистой сети, является церебральный артериальный комплайенс (цАК). Состояние цАК имеет значение для поддержания постоянства мозговой перфузии. Сведения о состоянии податливости и жесткости церебрального сосудистого русла поврежденного мозга противоречивы. Малоизученными остаются аспекты цАК при развитии внутричерепных гематом (ВЧГ) на фоне сочетанной черепно-мозговой травмы (СЧМТ). Это обуславливает актуальность работы. Цель работы - изучить состояние податливости артериального русла головного мозга на основе оценки цАК у пострадавших с СЧМТ. Материал и методы. Изучены результаты лечения 75 пациентов с СЧМТ, находившихся на лечении в Нижегородской ОКБ им. Н.А. Семашко в 2011-2015 гг. Мужчин - 42, женщин - 33. Все пациенты разделены на 2 группы: первую из 39 пациентов с СЧМТ без гематом и вторую из 36 пострадавших с СЧМТ и ВЧГ. Группы были сопоставимы по возрасту, тяжести ЧМТ и сочетанных повреждений. Всем пациентам проводилось перфузионное компьютерно-томографическое (ПКТ) исследование головного мозга. Объем данных анализировался в программах «Vitrea 2» и «MATLAB». Использовался пакет статистического анализа «Statistica 7.0». Результаты исследования. Средние значения цАК в каждой из групп с СЧМТ были статистически значимо меньше средних значений (р&lt;0,001). ЦАК достоверно уменьшался во 2-й группе на стороне удаленной гематомы по сравнению с 1-й группой (р=0,017). ЦАК при СЧМТ достоверно уменьшается по сравнению с нормой. Динамика цАК связана с развитием смешанного отека головного мозга, который увеличивает жесткость артериальной стенки и вызывает диастолическую компрессию пиального русла. После удаления ВЧГ цАК в ее перифокальной зоне оставался значимо ниже, чем при СЧМТ без развития ВЧГ. Результаты исследования имеют практическое значение при выборе индивидуальных схем терапии отека головного мозга и сосудистого лечения у пострадавших с сочетанной черепно-мозговой травмой. Выводы. ЦАК при СЧМТ значимо уменьшается по сравнению с нормой (р&lt;0,001). После удаления оболочечных травматических внутричерепных гематом в их перифокальной зоне комплайенс мозговых сосудов остается достоверно (р=0,017) более низким по сравнению с противоположным полушарием.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>Introduction and purpose. Cerebral arterial compliance (CAC) is an important parameter of a microcirculation. The main function of CAC is to maintain the stiffness of vessels and protect downstream vessels when changing perfusion pressure. The aim of the study was to assess the CAC in severe polytrauma patients with and without intracranial hematomas (IH). Materials. We examined 75 polytrauma patients with severe traumatic brain injury (mean 32.2±11.6 years, 42 men, 33 women). The first group included 34 patients without IH and the second group included 36 patients with epidural (6), subdural (26) and multiple (4) hematomas. Perfusion computed tomography (PCT) was performed in 1-14 days after trauma in the first group and in 2-8 days after surgical evacuation of the hematoma in the second group. Mean arterial pressure was measured simultaneously with PCT. CAC was calculated by the formula modified by M. Czosnyka. Results. The CAC was significantly decreased (p&lt;0.001) in both groups in comparison with normal values. The CAC in the group 2 was significantly lower than in the groupl, both on the side of the former hematoma (p=0.017). Conclusion. The results indicate severe dysregulation of cerebral capillary blood flow in polytrauma patients, which increases in the patients with polytrauma and traumatic IH.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>сочетанная черепно-мозговая травма</kwd><kwd>внутричерепная гематома</kwd><kwd>церебральный артериальный комплайенс</kwd><kwd>diabetic foot syndrome</kwd><kwd>cutaneous microcirculation</kwd><kwd>local heating test</kwd><kwd>wavelet analysis</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Семенютин В. Б. Оценка состояния мозгового кровообращения с помощью кросс-спектрального анализа спонтанных колебаний системной и церебральной гемодинамики // Нейрохирургия. 2008. № 1. С. 48-57.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Семенютин В. Б. Оценка состояния мозгового кровообращения с помощью кросс-спектрального анализа спонтанных колебаний системной и церебральной гемодинамики // Нейрохирургия. 2008. № 1. С. 48-57.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Avezaat С. J. J., Eijndhoven J. Н. М. Cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure and craniospatial dynamics. A theoretical, clinical and experimental study // Erasmus University, Rotterdam. 1984.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Avezaat С. J. J., Eijndhoven J. Н. М. Cerebrospinal fluid pulse pressure and craniospatial dynamics. A theoretical, clinical and experimental study // Erasmus University, Rotterdam. 1984.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Baledent O. Value of phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging for investigation ofcerebral hydrodynamics // J. Neuroradiol. 2006. Vol. 33. № 5. P. 292-303.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Baledent O. Value of phase contrast magnetic resonance imaging for investigation ofcerebral hydrodynamics // J. Neuroradiol. 2006. Vol. 33. № 5. P. 292-303.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Behzadi Y., Liu T. An arteriolar compliance model of the cerebral blood flow response to neural stimulus // Neuroimage. 2005. № 25. P. 1100-1111.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Behzadi Y., Liu T. An arteriolar compliance model of the cerebral blood flow response to neural stimulus // Neuroimage. 2005. № 25. P. 1100-1111.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Berne R., Levy M. Physiology. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby. 1993. P. 455-456.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Berne R., Levy M. Physiology. 3rd ed. St. Louis: Mosby. 1993. P. 455-456.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Bortel Van L., Duprez D. Clinical applications of arterial stiffness, task force III: Recommendations for user procedures // Am. J. Hypertens. 2002. № 15. P. 445-452.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Bortel Van L., Duprez D. Clinical applications of arterial stiffness, task force III: Recommendations for user procedures // Am. J. Hypertens. 2002. № 15. P. 445-452.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carrera E., Kim D.-J., Castellani G. et al. Cerebral arterial compliance in patients with internal carotid artery disease // Eur. J. Neurol. 2011. № 18. P. 711-718.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carrera E., Kim D.-J., Castellani G. et al. Cerebral arterial compliance in patients with internal carotid artery disease // Eur. J. Neurol. 2011. № 18. P. 711-718.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Carrera E., Kim D.-J., Castellani G. et al. Effect of hyper- and hypocapnia on cerebral arterial compliance in normal subjects // J. Neuroimaging. 2011. №21. P. 121-125.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Carrera E., Kim D.-J., Castellani G. et al. Effect of hyper- and hypocapnia on cerebral arterial compliance in normal subjects // J. Neuroimaging. 2011. №21. P. 121-125.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Czosnyka M., Richards H., Reinhard M. Cerebrovascular time constant: dependence on cerebral perfusion pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration // Neurol. Res. 2012. № 34. P. 17-24.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Czosnyka M., Richards H., Reinhard M. Cerebrovascular time constant: dependence on cerebral perfusion pressure and end-tidal carbon dioxide concentration // Neurol. Res. 2012. № 34. P. 17-24.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Enzmann D., Pelc N. Cerebrospinal fluid flow measured by phase-contrast cine MR // Am. J. Neuroradiol. 1993. № 14. P. 1301-1307.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Enzmann D., Pelc N. Cerebrospinal fluid flow measured by phase-contrast cine MR // Am. J. Neuroradiol. 1993. № 14. P. 1301-1307.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Esther A., Warnert H., Murphy K. Noninvasive assessment of arterial compliance of human cerebral arteries with short inversion time arterial spin labeling // J. of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism. 2015. № 35. P. 461-468. doi:10.1038/jcbfin.2014.219.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Esther A., Warnert H., Murphy K. Noninvasive assessment of arterial compliance of human cerebral arteries with short inversion time arterial spin labeling // J. of Cerebral Blood Flow &amp; Metabolism. 2015. № 35. P. 461-468. doi:10.1038/jcbfin.2014.219.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Figueroa C. A., Taylor C. A., Chiou, A. J. et al. 2009: Magnitude and direction of pulsatile displacementforces acting on thoracic aortic endografts // J. of Endovascular Therapy. № 3. P. 350-358.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Figueroa C. A., Taylor C. A., Chiou, A. J. et al. 2009: Magnitude and direction of pulsatile displacementforces acting on thoracic aortic endografts // J. of Endovascular Therapy. № 3. P. 350-358.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Finkelstein S., Collins V., Cohn J. Vascular compliance response to vasodilators by Fourier and pulse contour analysis // Hypertension. 1988. № 12. P. 380-387.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Finkelstein S., Collins V., Cohn J. Vascular compliance response to vasodilators by Fourier and pulse contour analysis // Hypertension. 1988. № 12. P. 380-387.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hundley W., Kitzman D., Morgan T. Cardiac cycle-dependent changes in aortic area and distensibility are reduced in older patients with isolated diastolic heart failure and correlate with exercise intolerance // J. of the American College of Cardiology. 2001. № 38. P. 796-802.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hundley W., Kitzman D., Morgan T. Cardiac cycle-dependent changes in aortic area and distensibility are reduced in older patients with isolated diastolic heart failure and correlate with exercise intolerance // J. of the American College of Cardiology. 2001. № 38. P. 796-802.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ikdip K. Exploring Differences in Vascular Aging and Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics between Older Adults of White Caucasian and South Asian Origin. A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Kinesiology Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 2014. 168 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ikdip K. Exploring Differences in Vascular Aging and Cerebrovascular Hemodynamics between Older Adults of White Caucasian and South Asian Origin. A thesis presented to the University of Waterloo in fulfillment of the thesis requirement for the degree of Master of Science in Kinesiology Waterloo, Ontario, Canada. 2014. 168 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Itoh T., Matsumoto M., Handa N. et al. Rate of successful recording of bloodflow signals in the middle cerebral artery using transcranial Doppler sonography // Stroke. 1993. № 24. P. 1192-1195.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Itoh T., Matsumoto M., Handa N. et al. Rate of successful recording of bloodflow signals in the middle cerebral artery using transcranial Doppler sonography // Stroke. 1993. № 24. P. 1192-1195.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Johnson U. Favorable outcome in traumatic brain injury patients with impaired cerebral pressure autoregulation when treated at low cerebral perfusion pressure levels // Neurosurgery. 2011. Vol. 68. № 3. Р. 714-721.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Johnson U. Favorable outcome in traumatic brain injury patients with impaired cerebral pressure autoregulation when treated at low cerebral perfusion pressure levels // Neurosurgery. 2011. Vol. 68. № 3. Р. 714-721.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kasprowicz M. Badania hemodynamiki mozgowej na podstawie analizy pulsacji cisnienia wewnqtrzczaszkowego, cisnienia tftniczego i przeplywu krwi mozgowej. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wroclawskiej Wroclaw. 2012. P. 78.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kasprowicz M. Badania hemodynamiki mozgowej na podstawie analizy pulsacji cisnienia wewnqtrzczaszkowego, cisnienia tftniczego i przeplywu krwi mozgowej. Oficyna Wydawnicza Politechniki Wroclawskiej Wroclaw. 2012. P. 78.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Kim D.-J., Kasprowicz M., Carrera E. The monitoring of relative changes in compartmental compliances of brain // Physiol. Meas. 2009. № 30. P. 647-659.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Kim D.-J., Kasprowicz M., Carrera E. The monitoring of relative changes in compartmental compliances of brain // Physiol. Meas. 2009. № 30. P. 647-659.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laan ter M. Neuromodulation of cerebral blood flow. Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor Groningen, The Netherlands. 2014. P. 127.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laan ter M. Neuromodulation of cerebral blood flow. Proefschrift ter verkrijging van de graad van doctor Groningen, The Netherlands. 2014. P. 127.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lassen N. Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow // Circ. Res. Suppl. № 5. P. 201-204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lassen N. Autoregulation of cerebral blood flow // Circ. Res. Suppl. № 5. P. 201-204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Laurent S., Cockcroft J., Bortel Van L. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications // Eur. Heart J. 2006. №27. P. 2588-2605.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Laurent S., Cockcroft J., Bortel Van L. Expert consensus document on arterial stiffness: methodological issues and clinical applications // Eur. Heart J. 2006. №27. P. 2588-2605.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Marmarou A. A review of progress in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of brain edema // Neurosurg. Focus. 2007. Vol. 22. № 5. P. 1-12.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Marmarou A. A review of progress in understanding the pathophysiology and treatment of brain edema // Neurosurg. Focus. 2007. Vol. 22. № 5. P. 1-12.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Mashour G. Case studies in neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care // Ehab. Farag. 2011. P. 342.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Mashour G. Case studies in neuroanesthesia and neurocritical care // Ehab. Farag. 2011. P. 342.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Nichols W., О'Rourke M. McDonald’s bloodflow in arteries: Theoretical, experimental and clinical principles. Fifth Edition. Oxford University Press, 2005. P. 624.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Nichols W., О'Rourke M. McDonald’s bloodflow in arteries: Theoretical, experimental and clinical principles. Fifth Edition. Oxford University Press, 2005. P. 624.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">О'Rourke M. F., Safar M. E., Nichols W. W. Pulse wave form analysis and arterial stiffness: realism can replace evangelism and skepticism // J. Hypertens. 2004. № 22. P. 1633-1634.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">О'Rourke M. F., Safar M. E., Nichols W. W. Pulse wave form analysis and arterial stiffness: realism can replace evangelism and skepticism // J. Hypertens. 2004. № 22. P. 1633-1634.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pannier B., Avolio A., Hoeks A. Methods and devices for measuring arterial compliance in humans // Am. J. Hypertens. 2002. № 15. P. 743-753.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pannier B., Avolio A., Hoeks A. Methods and devices for measuring arterial compliance in humans // Am. J. Hypertens. 2002. № 15. P. 743-753.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Redheuil A., Yu W.-C., Wu C. Reduced ascending aortic strain and distensibility: earliest manifestations of vascular aging in humans // Hypertension. 2010. Vol. 55. № 2. P. 319-326.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Redheuil A., Yu W.-C., Wu C. Reduced ascending aortic strain and distensibility: earliest manifestations of vascular aging in humans // Hypertension. 2010. Vol. 55. № 2. P. 319-326.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Spencer M., Denison A. Pulsatile blood flow in the vascular system. Handbook of Physiology Circulation. Washington, DC American Physiological Society. 1963. 842 p.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Spencer M., Denison A. Pulsatile blood flow in the vascular system. Handbook of Physiology Circulation. Washington, DC American Physiological Society. 1963. 842 p.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tanaka H, Dinenno F, Monahan K. Aging, habitual exercise, and dynamic arterial compliance // Circulation. 2000. № 102. P. 1270-1275.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tanaka H, Dinenno F, Monahan K. Aging, habitual exercise, and dynamic arterial compliance // Circulation. 2000. № 102. P. 1270-1275.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit31"><label>31</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ursino M. A simple mathematical model of the interaction between intracranial pressure and cerebral hemodynamics// J. Appl. Physiol. 1997. № 82. P. 1256-1269.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ursino M. A simple mathematical model of the interaction between intracranial pressure and cerebral hemodynamics// J. Appl. Physiol. 1997. № 82. P. 1256-1269.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
