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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2019-18-2-12-18</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-411</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Васкуляризация ткани эндометрия в условиях брюшной полости – важнейшее звено патогенеза эндометриоза или его «ахиллесова пята» с точки зрения лечения? (обзор литературы)</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Vascularization of endometrial tissue in abdominal cavity – the most important link in the pathogenesis of endometriosis or its vulnerable spot in terms of treatment? (review of literature)</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Украинец</surname><given-names>Р. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ukrainets</surname><given-names>R. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Украинец Роман Вадимович – ординатор кафедры патологической анатомии </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Ukrainets Roman V. – resident of the department of pathological anatomy</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ukrainets.roman@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Корнева</surname><given-names>Ю. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Korneva</surname><given-names>Yu. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Корнева Юлия Сергеевна – канд. мед. наук, доцент кафедры патологической анатомии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Korneva Yulia S. – PhD, Associate Professor of the department of pathological anatomy</p><p>pathologists in the Department of Clinical Pathology №2</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ksu1546@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Medical University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Смоленский государственный медицинский университет» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Областное государственное бюджетное учреждение здравоохранения «Смоленский областной институт патологии»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Smolensk State Medical University; Smolensk Regional Institute of Pathology</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>11</day><month>07</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>2</issue><fpage>12</fpage><lpage>18</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Украинец Р.В., Корнева Ю.С., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Украинец Р.В., Корнева Ю.С.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Ukrainets R.V., Korneva Y.S.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/411">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/411</self-uri><abstract><p>Рассмотрен поэтапный процесс васкуляризации ретроградно заброшенной ткани эндометрия в брюшную полость. Показана необходимость формирования специфического микроокружения и функциональной перестройки ткани эндометрия, основанной на взаимодействии мезенхимальных стволовых клеток эндометрия с перитонеальными макрофагами, что является основой адаптации к гипоксии и их выживания в новых условиях. Авторы делают акцент на сходстве адаптации ткани гетеротопии при эндометриозе с опухолевым ростом. Освещены механизмы запуска синтеза ряда ангиогенных факторов и их значимость в процессе васкуляризации ткани эндометрия как одного из ключевых звеньев патогенеза эндометриоза. Помимо этого, отражена последовательность становления сосудистого компонента коммуникационной системы: нарастание сосудистой плотности в области имплантации (показано на примере брюшинной локализации очага эндометриоза); васкуляризация ткани эндометриоидной гетеротопии за счет ангиогенеза; финальная стадия становления сосудистой сети эндометриоидного очага – васкулогенез (как механизм формирования микроциркуляторного русла с участием циркулирующих эндотелиальных прогениторных клеток). В последующем синтез ангиогенных факторов продолжается и активно способствует ремоделированию и увеличению плотности сосудов в ткани гетеротопии преимущественно за счет незрелых перицит-незащищенных сосудов микроциркуляторного русла. Эти особенности представляют собой фундаментальную основу как для диагностики эндометриоза путем качественного и количественного определения факторов перитонеальной жидкости, отражающих активацию васкуляризации, так и для перспективных методов лечения эндометриоза путем активации ангиостатического эффекта в зоне патологического очага.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>In this review, the stepwise mechanism of vascularization of retrogradely torn away endometrial tissue into the abdominal cavity during the formation of endometrioid heterotopy is described. The necessity of the formation of a specific microenvironment and functional rearrangement of endometrial tissue, based on the interaction of endometrial mesenchymal stem cells with peritoneal macrophages, is shown, which is the basis of adaptation to hypoxia and survival in new conditions. Attention is also paid to the similarity of tissue adaptation for endometriosis and tumor growth. The activation mechanisms for the synthesis of a number of angiogenic factors and their significance in the process of vascularization of endometrial tissue, as one of the key links in the pathogenesis of endometriosis, are highlighted. In addition, the example of the peritoneal localization of the endometriosis focus reflects the sequence of the formation of the vascular component of the communication system: an increase in vascular density in the tissue of the implantation area; vascularization of endometrioid heterotopy tissue due to angiogenesis; and the final stage of formation of the vascular network of the endometrial focus - vasculogenesis (as a mechanism for the formation of the microvasculature with the participation of circulating endothelial progenitor cells). Subsequently, the synthesis of angiogenic factors continues and actively contributes to the remodeling and increase in vascular density in the heterotopic tissue. The most important is that the increase in vascular density occurs mainly due to the immature pericyte-unprotected vessels of the microvasculature. These features constitute a fundamental basis for the diagnosis of endometriosis through the qualitative and quantitative determination of some factors in the peritoneal fluid, reflecting activation of vascularization, and for future methods of treating endometriosis by activating an angiostatic effect in the area of the pathologycal focus.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>эндометриоз</kwd><kwd>васкуляризация</kwd><kwd>ангиогенез</kwd><kwd>васкулогенез</kwd><kwd>ангиостатический эффект</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>endometriosis</kwd><kwd>vascularization</kwd><kwd>angiogenesis</kwd><kwd>vasculogenesis</kwd><kwd>angiostatic effect</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pittatore G, Moggio A, Benedetto C, Bussolati B, Revelli A. 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