<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<!DOCTYPE article PUBLIC "-//NLM//DTD JATS (Z39.96) Journal Publishing DTD v1.3 20210610//EN" "JATS-journalpublishing1-3.dtd">
<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2015-14-4-66-73</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-42</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Влияние возраста и сокращения массы действующих нефронов на состояние миокарда и коронарного русла у молодых крыс</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Influence of age and nephron mass reduction on the myocardium and coronary arteries in young rats</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Каюков</surname><given-names>И. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kayukov</surname><given-names>I. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kvaka55@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Береснева</surname><given-names>О. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Beresneva</surname><given-names>O. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">beresnevaolga@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Парастаева</surname><given-names>М. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Parastaeva</surname><given-names>M. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">beresnevaolga@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Швед</surname><given-names>Н. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shved</surname><given-names>N. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">nika2485@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванова</surname><given-names>Г. Т.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanova</surname><given-names>G. T.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">tazhim@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Кучер</surname><given-names>А. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Kucher</surname><given-names>A. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">kaukov@nephrology.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет им. акад. И.П. Павлова</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>First Pavlov State Medical University of St. Petersburg</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Институт физиологии им. И.П. Павлова РАН</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov Institute of Physiology Russian Academy of Sciences</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2015</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2015</year></pub-date><volume>14</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>66</fpage><lpage>73</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Каюков И.Г., Береснева О.Н., Парастаева М.М., Швед Н.В., Иванова Г.Т., Кучер А.Г., 2015</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2015</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Каюков И.Г., Береснева О.Н., Парастаева М.М., Швед Н.В., Иванова Г.Т., Кучер А.Г.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Kayukov I.G., Beresneva O.N., Parastaeva M.M., Shved N.V., Ivanova G.T., Kucher A.G.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/42">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/42</self-uri><abstract><p>Целью работы являлась оценка воздействия возраста и почечной дисфункции на состояние миокарда и артерий сердца у молодых крыс линии Wistar. Материал и методы исследования. Исследование выполнено на самцах крыс линии Wistar (питомник Рапполово) в возрасте около 2,5 месяца. С целью создания модели почечной недостаточности была выполнена поэтапная с интервалом в одну неделю резекция 5/6 почечной ткани. Срок наблюдения составлял 2 или 4 месяца после нефрэктомии (НЭ) или ложной операции. Для гистологического исследования препараты миокарда окрашивали гематоксилин/эозином и пикрофуксином по ван Гизону. Изучение патоморфологических изменений проводили светооптически. Выраженность патогистологических изменений оценивали с помощью количественной морфометрии в программе Видеотест 5.2. Результаты исследования и их обсуждение. У интактных крыс линии Wistar в возрасте около 6,5 месяца по сравнению с животными в возрасте 4,5 месяца наблюдаются отчетливое нарастание индекса массы миокарда левого желудочка и умеренное разрастание соединительной ткани в миокарде (в том числе в периваскулярных зонах). Такие изменения сопровождаются расширением просвета интрамуральных коронарных артерий в сочетании с некоторым уменьшение толщины стенок этих сосудов. Через 2 месяца после 5/6 нефрэктомии прослеживается выраженный спазм и начальные признаки утолщения стенок коронарных артерий, наряду с нарастанием индекса массы миокарда левого желудочка и фибропластических проявлений в миокарде. При пролонгации срока после нефрэктомии еще на 2 месяца отмечается значительное увеличение площади соединительной ткани и утолщение стенок сосудов без нарастания индекса массы миокарда левого желудочка при расширении диаметра сосудистого просвета. Как возрастные, так и спровоцированные почечной дисфункцией проявления ремоделирования миокарда и коронарных артерий однозначно не ассоциируются с ростом артериального давления. Выводы. У молодых крыс линии Wistar как увеличение возраста, так и сокращение массы действующих нефронов оказывают существенное самостоятельное воздействие на миокард и его сосудистую систему.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The aim of the study - to evaluate the effects of age and renal dysfunction on the myocardium and coronary vessels in young Wistar rats. Materials and methods. The study was performed on male Wistar rats aged ~ 2.5 months. 5/6 nephrectomy (NE) was performed stepwise at intervals of one week. The observation period was 2 or 4 months after NE or sham operation. For histological examination, the heart sections were stained with hematoxylin &amp; eosin and by van Gieson. The histological changes were studied by light microscopy and quantitatively assessed by morphometry program Videotest 5.2. Results. At intact rats aged about 6.5 months as compared to animals at the age of 4.5 months there was a clear increase in the left ventricular mass index and moderate growth of connective tissue in the myocardium (including perivascular areas). These changes were accompanied by an extension of the lumen of the intramural coronary arteries, combined with a slight decrease in the thickness of the walls of these vessels. Two 2 months after 5/6 nephrectomy (NE) pronounced spasm and early signs of thickening of the coronary artery walls took place, along with an increase of the left ventricular mass index and myocardial fibroplastic manifestations. Longer postoperative observation periods (4 months) were associated with a significant expansion of the connective tissue, increasing of the vascular wall thickness and the diameter of the vascular lumen without increase of the index of left ventricular mass. Manifestations of myocardial and coronary vessel remodeling evoked by age and renal dysfunction are not unequivocally associated with an increase in blood pressure. Conclusion. In young Wistar rats both slight increase in age and nephron mass reduction result in significant independent effects on the myocardium and its vasculature.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>миокард</kwd><kwd>коронарные артерии</kwd><kwd>возраст</kwd><kwd>ремоделирование</kwd><kwd>сокращение массы действующих нефронов</kwd><kwd>rats</kwd><kwd>myocardium</kwd><kwd>coronary arteries</kwd><kwd>age</kwd><kwd>remodeling</kwd><kwd>nephron mass reduction</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Береснева О. Н., Парастаева М. М., Иванова Г. Т. и др. Роль кетостерила в нефропротекции и кардиопротекции при экспериментальной уремии // Нефрология. 2006. № 1. С. 56-61.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Береснева О. Н., Парастаева М. М., Иванова Г. Т. и др. Роль кетостерила в нефропротекции и кардиопротекции при экспериментальной уремии // Нефрология. 2006. № 1. С. 56-61.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit2"><label>2</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Парастаева М. М., Береснева О. И., Кучер А. Б. и др. Содержание белка в рационе, ремоделирование миокарда и кальций-фосфорный гомеостаз у крыс с нефрэктомией // Вестник Санкт-Петербург. ун-та. Сер.: 11. 2014. № 4. С. 196-204.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Парастаева М. М., Береснева О. И., Кучер А. Б. и др. Содержание белка в рационе, ремоделирование миокарда и кальций-фосфорный гомеостаз у крыс с нефрэктомией // Вестник Санкт-Петербург. ун-та. Сер.: 11. 2014. № 4. С. 196-204.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit3"><label>3</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Смирнов А. В., Добронравов В. А., Каюков И. Б. Кардиоренальный континуум: патогенетические основы превентивной нефрологии // Нефрология. 2005. № 3. С. 7-15.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Смирнов А. В., Добронравов В. А., Каюков И. Б. Кардиоренальный континуум: патогенетические основы превентивной нефрологии // Нефрология. 2005. № 3. С. 7-15.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit4"><label>4</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Afsar В., Turkmen К., Covic A., Kanbay M. An update on coronary artery disease and chronic kidney disease // Int. J. Nephrol. 2014. doi: 10.1155/2014/767424.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Afsar В., Turkmen К., Covic A., Kanbay M. An update on coronary artery disease and chronic kidney disease // Int. J. Nephrol. 2014. doi: 10.1155/2014/767424.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit5"><label>5</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amann K., Tornig J., Flechtenmacher C. et al. Blood-pressure-independent wall thickening of intramyocardial arterioles in experimental uraemia: evidence for a permissive action of PTH // Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 1995. Vol. 10(11). P. 2043-2048.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amann K., Tornig J., Flechtenmacher C. et al. Blood-pressure-independent wall thickening of intramyocardial arterioles in experimental uraemia: evidence for a permissive action of PTH // Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 1995. Vol. 10(11). P. 2043-2048.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit6"><label>6</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amann K., Neimeier K. A., Schwarz U. et al. Rats with moderate renal failure show capillary deficit in heart but not skeletal muscle // Am. J. Kidney Dis. 1997. Vol. 30 (3). P. 382-388.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amann K., Neimeier K. A., Schwarz U. et al. Rats with moderate renal failure show capillary deficit in heart but not skeletal muscle // Am. J. Kidney Dis. 1997. Vol. 30 (3). P. 382-388.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit7"><label>7</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amann K., Ritz E. Cardiovascular abnormalities in ageing and in uraemia-only analogy or shared pathomechanisms? // Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 1998. Vol. 13. Suppl 7. P. 6-11.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amann K., Ritz E. Cardiovascular abnormalities in ageing and in uraemia-only analogy or shared pathomechanisms? // Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 1998. Vol. 13. Suppl 7. P. 6-11.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit8"><label>8</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amann K., Gassmann P, Buzello M. et al. Effects of ACE inhibition and bradykinin antagonism on cardiovascular changes in uremic rats // Kidney Int. 2000. Vol. 58. P. 153-161.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amann K., Gassmann P, Buzello M. et al. Effects of ACE inhibition and bradykinin antagonism on cardiovascular changes in uremic rats // Kidney Int. 2000. Vol. 58. P. 153-161.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit9"><label>9</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amann K., Tornig J., Buzello M. et al. Effect of antioxidant therapy with dl-alpha-tocopherol on cardiovascular structure in experimental renal failure // Kidney Int. 2002. Vol. 62. P. 877-884.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amann K., Tornig J., Buzello M. et al. Effect of antioxidant therapy with dl-alpha-tocopherol on cardiovascular structure in experimental renal failure // Kidney Int. 2002. Vol. 62. P. 877-884.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit10"><label>10</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Amann K., Hofstetter J., Campean V. etal. Nonhypotensive dose of beta-adrenergic blocker ameliorates capillary deficits in the hearts of rats with moderate renal failure // Virchows Arch. 2006. Vol. 449. P. 207-214.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Amann K., Hofstetter J., Campean V. etal. Nonhypotensive dose of beta-adrenergic blocker ameliorates capillary deficits in the hearts of rats with moderate renal failure // Virchows Arch. 2006. Vol. 449. P. 207-214.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit11"><label>11</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Cebova M., Kristek F. Age-dependent ultra structural changes of coronary artery in spontaneously hypertensive rats // Gen. Physiol. Biophys. 2011. Vol. 30. P. 364-372.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Cebova M., Kristek F. Age-dependent ultra structural changes of coronary artery in spontaneously hypertensive rats // Gen. Physiol. Biophys. 2011. Vol. 30. P. 364-372.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit12"><label>12</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Choi H. Y, Park H. C., Ha S. K. How do we manage coronary artery disease in patients with CKD and ESRD? // Electrolyte. Blood Press. 2014. Vol. 12. P. 41-54.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Choi H. Y, Park H. C., Ha S. K. How do we manage coronary artery disease in patients with CKD and ESRD? // Electrolyte. Blood Press. 2014. Vol. 12. P. 41-54.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit13"><label>13</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Clarke E. M., Thompson R. C., Allam A. H. et al. Is atherosclerosis fundamental to human aging? Lessons from ancient mummies // J. Cardiol. 2014. Vol. 63. P. 329-334.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Clarke E. M., Thompson R. C., Allam A. H. et al. Is atherosclerosis fundamental to human aging? Lessons from ancient mummies // J. Cardiol. 2014. Vol. 63. P. 329-334.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit14"><label>14</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Foley R. N., Parfrey P. S. Cardiac disease in chronic uremia: clinical outcome and risk factors // Adv. Renal Replace. Ther. 1997. Vol. 4. P. 234-248.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Foley R. N., Parfrey P. S. Cardiac disease in chronic uremia: clinical outcome and risk factors // Adv. Renal Replace. Ther. 1997. Vol. 4. P. 234-248.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit15"><label>15</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Go A. S., Chertow G. M., Fan D. et al. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization // N. Engl. J. Med. 2004. Vol. 351. P. 1296-1305.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Go A. S., Chertow G. M., Fan D. et al. Chronic kidney disease and the risks of death, cardiovascular events, and hospitalization // N. Engl. J. Med. 2004. Vol. 351. P. 1296-1305.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit16"><label>16</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Hanna M. A., Taylor C. R., Chen B. et al. Structural remodeling of coronary resistance arteries: effects of age and exercise training // J. Appl. Physiol. 1985. Vol. 117. P. 616-623.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Hanna M. A., Taylor C. R., Chen B. et al. Structural remodeling of coronary resistance arteries: effects of age and exercise training // J. Appl. Physiol. 1985. Vol. 117. P. 616-623.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit17"><label>17</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Julin С. M., Thomas D. P. Effects of age and exercise training on size and composition of the rat left main coronary artery // J. Gerontol. 1993. Vol. 48. P. B101-B107.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Julin С. M., Thomas D. P. Effects of age and exercise training on size and composition of the rat left main coronary artery // J. Gerontol. 1993. Vol. 48. P. B101-B107.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit18"><label>18</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Koleganova N., Piecha G., Ritz E., Gross M. L. Calcitriol ameliorates capillary deficit and fibrosis of the heart in subtotally nephrectomized rats // Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2009. Vol. 24. P. 778-787.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Koleganova N., Piecha G., Ritz E., Gross M. L. Calcitriol ameliorates capillary deficit and fibrosis of the heart in subtotally nephrectomized rats // Nephrol. Dial. Transplant. 2009. Vol. 24. P. 778-787.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit19"><label>19</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lakatta E. G., Levy D. Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises, part I: aging arteries: a “setup” for vascular disease // Circulation. 2003. Vol. 107. P. 139-146.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lakatta E. G., Levy D. Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises, part I: aging arteries: a “setup” for vascular disease // Circulation. 2003. Vol. 107. P. 139-146.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit20"><label>20</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Lakatta E. G., Levy D. Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises, part II: the aging heart in health: links to heart disease // Circulation. 2003. Vol. 107. P. 346-354.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Lakatta E. G., Levy D. Arterial and cardiac aging: major shareholders in cardiovascular disease enterprises, part II: the aging heart in health: links to heart disease // Circulation. 2003. Vol. 107. P. 346-354.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit21"><label>21</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Leibowitz D. Left ventricular hypertrophy and chronic renal insufficiency in the elderly // Cardiorenal. Med. 2014. Vol. 4. P. 168-175.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Leibowitz D. Left ventricular hypertrophy and chronic renal insufficiency in the elderly // Cardiorenal. Med. 2014. Vol. 4. P. 168-175.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit22"><label>22</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Maifrino L. B., Araujo R. C., Faccini С. C. et al. Effect of exercise training on aging-induced changes in rat papillary muscle // Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2009. Vol. 92. P. 356-360; 373-377; 387-392.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Maifrino L. B., Araujo R. C., Faccini С. C. et al. Effect of exercise training on aging-induced changes in rat papillary muscle // Arq. Bras. Cardiol. 2009. Vol. 92. P. 356-360; 373-377; 387-392.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit23"><label>23</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ninomiya T, Kiyohara Y., Kubo M. et al. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama Study // Kidney Int. 2005. Vol. 68. P. 228-236.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ninomiya T, Kiyohara Y., Kubo M. et al. Chronic kidney disease and cardiovascular disease in a general Japanese population: the Hisayama Study // Kidney Int. 2005. Vol. 68. P. 228-236.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit24"><label>24</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">North B. J., Sinclair D. A. The intersection between aging and cardiovascular disease. // Circ. Res. 2012. Vol. 110. P. 1097-1108.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">North B. J., Sinclair D. A. The intersection between aging and cardiovascular disease. // Circ. Res. 2012. Vol. 110. P. 1097-1108.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit25"><label>25</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Okoshi K., Ribeiro H., Okoshi M. et al. Improved systolic ventricular function with normal myocardial mechanics in compensated cardiac hypertrophy // Jpn. Heart J. 2004. Vol. 45. P. 647-656.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Okoshi K., Ribeiro H., Okoshi M. et al. Improved systolic ventricular function with normal myocardial mechanics in compensated cardiac hypertrophy // Jpn. Heart J. 2004. Vol. 45. P. 647-656.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit26"><label>26</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Ormrod D., Miller T. Experimental uremia description of a model producing varying degrees of stable uremia // Nephron. 1980. Vol. 2. P. 249-254.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Ormrod D., Miller T. Experimental uremia description of a model producing varying degrees of stable uremia // Nephron. 1980. Vol. 2. P. 249-254.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit27"><label>27</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Pruthi R., Steenkamp R., Feest T. Renal Registry 16th annual report: chapter 8 survival and cause of death of UK adult patients on renal replacement therapy in 2012: national and centre-specific analyses // Nephron Clin. Pract. 2013. Vol. 125. P. 139-169.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Pruthi R., Steenkamp R., Feest T. Renal Registry 16th annual report: chapter 8 survival and cause of death of UK adult patients on renal replacement therapy in 2012: national and centre-specific analyses // Nephron Clin. Pract. 2013. Vol. 125. P. 139-169.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit28"><label>28</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tornig J., Amann K, Ritz E. et al. Arteriolar wall thickening, capillary rarefaction and interstitial fibrosis in the heart of rats with renal failure: the effects of ramipril, nifedipine and moxonidine // J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1996. Vol. 7. P. 667-675.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tornig J., Amann K, Ritz E. et al. Arteriolar wall thickening, capillary rarefaction and interstitial fibrosis in the heart of rats with renal failure: the effects of ramipril, nifedipine and moxonidine // J. Am. Soc. Nephrol. 1996. Vol. 7. P. 667-675.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit29"><label>29</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Tyralla K., Adamczak M., Benz K. et al. High-dose enalapril treatment reverses myocardial fibrosis in experimental uremic cardiomyopathy // PLoS One. 2011. № 6 (1). P. el5287. doi: 10.1371.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Tyralla K., Adamczak M., Benz K. et al. High-dose enalapril treatment reverses myocardial fibrosis in experimental uremic cardiomyopathy // PLoS One. 2011. № 6 (1). P. el5287. doi: 10.1371.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref><ref id="cit30"><label>30</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Wang M., Monticone R. E., Lakatta E. G. Arterial aging: a journey into subclinical arterial disease// Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2010. Vol. 19. P. 201-207.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Wang M., Monticone R. E., Lakatta E. G. Arterial aging: a journey into subclinical arterial disease// Curr. Opin. Nephrol. Hypertens. 2010. Vol. 19. P. 201-207.</mixed-citation></citation-alternatives></ref></ref-list><fn-group><fn fn-type="conflict"><p>The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.</p></fn></fn-group></back></article>
