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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2019-18-4-81-88</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-649</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ (ЭКСПЕРИМЕНТАЛЬНЫЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES (EXPERIMENTAL INVESTIGATIONS)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Изменение кожного кровотока при НIFU-индуцируемой дегрануляции тучных клеток</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Blood flow modification attached to HIFU exposure mast cell degranulation</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Файзуллина</surname><given-names>Д. Р.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Faizullina</surname><given-names>D. R.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>ассистент кафедры патофизиологии с курсом клинической патофизиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Assistant of the Department of Pathophysiology with a course of clinical pathophysiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lasmed@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Грызунов</surname><given-names>В. В.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Grizunov</surname><given-names>V. V.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>д-р мед. наук, доцент кафедры патофизиологии с курсом клинической патофизиологии</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Dr. of Medical Sciences, Associate Professor of the Department of Pathophysiology with a course of clinical pathophysiology</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">lasmed@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Беркович</surname><given-names>А. Е.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Berkovich</surname><given-names>A. E.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>зав. лабораторией ультразвуковых технологий</p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>The chief of the Ultrasound Technologies Laboratory</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">berkovich_ae@spbstu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-2"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Первый Санкт-Петербургский государственный медицинский университет имени академика И. П. Павлова» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Pavlov University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><aff-alternatives id="aff-2"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное автономное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Санкт-Петербургский политехнический университет Петра Великого»</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Peter the Great St. Petersburg Polytechnic University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2019</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>12</month><year>2019</year></pub-date><volume>18</volume><issue>4</issue><fpage>81</fpage><lpage>88</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Файзуллина Д.Р., Грызунов В.В., Беркович А.Е., 2019</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2019</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Файзуллина Д.Р., Грызунов В.В., Беркович А.Е.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Faizullina D.R., Grizunov V.V., Berkovich A.E.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/649">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/649</self-uri><abstract><sec><title>Введение</title><p>Введение. Одним из перспективных методов лечения онкологических заболеваний является высокоинтенсивный фокусированный ультразвук (HIFU). Генерируемое излучателями акустическое поле порождает механотермические эффекты, значимость которых еще окончательно не оценена, и их изучение позволит изменить тактику терапии. Для анализа их роли были выбраны клеточные периваскулярные регуляторы локального кровотока – тучные клетки (ТК). Изменения микрогемоциркуляторного русла (МЦР) позволяют судить о морфофункциональном состоянии ТК. Цель – оценка состояния перифокального тканевого кровотока кожи крыс и морфофункциональных свойств ТК после воздействия HIFU.</p></sec><sec><title>Материал и методы</title><p>Материал и методы. Использовали взрослых крыс-самцов линии Wistar. Животных разделили на 3 группы: контроль, бесконтактный локальный нагрев кожи и воздействие HIFU. Для HIFU использовали экспериментальную установку, состоящую из вогнутого излучателя Н-148 S/N 010 c центральной частотой генерации колебаний 1,4 МГц. В усредненном интерференционном пятне интенсивность излучения составляла 8,2 кВт/см2. Длительность воздействия – от 150 до 700 мс. Глубина фокусирования – около 1 мм. Для оценки МЦР использовали лазерный допплеровский флуометр. Взятие материала для изготовления пленочных препаратов ТК производили в месте воздействия по стандартной методике. Подсчет ТК осуществляли с использованием программного обеспечения «МультиМедиа Каталог» с учетом их морфофункциональных характеристик.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. Воздействие HIFU приводило к значимому усилению кровотока в коже крыс при времени экспозиции 250 мс и более (p&lt;0,01). Максимальное увеличение перфузии отмечено при 400 мс. Наибольшее усиление тканевого кровотока при локальном нагреве наблюдалось при 45 °С (p&lt;0,001). HIFU-воздействие приводило к значимому снижению плотности ТК в подкожно-жировой клетчатке кожи крыс по сравнению с контролем при времени экспозиции 250 мс и более (p&lt;0,05), а также к значимому снижению относительного числа клеток I типа, и нарастанию II и III типов, что свидетельствует о дегрануляции (p&lt;0,05). Похожие изменения числа и морфофункциональных характеристик ТК наблюдали и в серии опытов с локальным нагревом, однако изменения были не столь значимы.</p></sec><sec><title>Выводы</title><p>Выводы. При HIFU-индуцированном воздействии отмечается усиление МЦР в перифокальных зонах, сопровождающееся процессами морфофункциональной перестройки ТК, что свидетельствует о сочетанном механотермическом возмущении в зоне фокуса, формирующем пространственно-временной континуум теплового поля.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><sec><title>Introduction</title><p>Introduction. One of the promising methods of treating oncological diseases is high-frequency focused ultrasound (HIFU). The high-frequency acoustic field generated by the emitters induces mechanothermal effects whose significance has not yet been fully assessed and their study will change the tactics of therapy. To analyze their role, we selected cellular perivascular regulators of local blood flow – mast cells (MCs). Changes in the microcirculation (MCT) allow us to judge the morphofunctional state of the MC. The aim of the study is to assess the state of the rat’s skin periphocal tissue blood flow and MCs morphofunctional properties after HIFU-exposure.</p></sec><sec><title>Material and methods</title><p>Material and methods. Adult male Wistar rats were used. Animals were divided into 3 groups: control, non-contact local heating of the skin and HIFU-induced exposure. For HIFU, an experimental setting was used, consisting of a concave emitter H-148 S / N 010 with a central oscillation frequency of 1.4 MHz. In the averaged interference spot, the radiation intensity was 8.2 kW/cm2. The exposure duration from 150 to 700 ms. Depth of focus is about 1 mm. To assess the MCT, a laser doppler flowmeter was used. Material for the manufacture of film preparations of MCs was taken at the site of exposure and according to the standard method. MCs calculation was carried out using the software «Multimedia Catalog» taking into account their morphofunctional characteristics.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. HIFU exposure led to a significant increase in blood flow in rat’s skin at an exposure time of 250 ms or more (p&lt;0.01). The maximum increase in perfusion was noted at 400 ms. The highest increase in tissue blood flow with local heating was observed at 45°C (p&lt;0.001). HIFU-exposure led to a significant decrease in the density of MCs in the subcutaneous fat tissue of rat’s skin compared with the control at an exposure time of 250 ms or more (p&lt;0.05) and a significant decrease in the relative number of type I cells, and an increase in type II and III, which indicates degranulation (p&lt;0.05). Similar changes in the amount and morphofunctional characteristics of MCs were observed in a series of experiments with local heating, but the changes were not so significant.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusions</title><p>Conclusions. With HIFU-induced exposure, increased MCT in the peripheral zones is observed, accompanied by processes of morphofunctional rearrangement of the MCs, which indicates a combined mechanothermal disturbance in the focus zone, which forms the spatiotemporal continuum of the thermal field.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>HIFU-терапия</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>кожа</kwd><kwd>тучные клетки</kwd><kwd>лазерная допплеровская флуометрия</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>HIFU-therapy</kwd><kwd>microcirculation of the skin</kwd><kwd>mast cells</kwd><kwd>laser doppler flowmetry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Chaussy CG, Thüroff S. High-intensity focused ultrasound for the treatment of prostate cancer: a review. J. Endourol. 2017;31(S1):S30–S37. 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