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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2014-13-1-13-22</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-687</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОБЗОРЫ</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>REVIEWS</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Методы изучения изменений в спинном мозге при травматических повреждениях периферического нерва</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Methods for studying changes in the spinal cord after traumatic injuries of peripheral nerves</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Щаницын</surname><given-names>И. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shchanitsyn</surname><given-names>I. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">dr.green@list.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Иванов</surname><given-names>А. Н.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ivanov</surname><given-names>A. N.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">lex558452@rambler.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Бажанов</surname><given-names>С. П.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Bajanov</surname><given-names>S. P.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">baj.s@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Ульянов</surname><given-names>В. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ulyanov</surname><given-names>V. J.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">v.u.ulynov@gmail.com</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Норкин</surname><given-names>И. А.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Norkin</surname><given-names>I. A.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">sarniito@yandex.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Нинель</surname><given-names>В. Г.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Ninel</surname><given-names>V. G.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">v.ninel@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Пучиньян</surname><given-names>Д. М.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Puchinyan</surname><given-names>D. M.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><email xlink:type="simple">puchinyan@mail.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Саратовский научно-исследовательский институт травматологии и ортопедии</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Saratov Scientific Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics Ministry of Public Health</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2014</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>30</day><month>03</month><year>2014</year></pub-date><volume>13</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>13</fpage><lpage>22</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Щаницын И.Н., Иванов А.Н., Бажанов С.П., Ульянов В.Ю., Норкин И.А., Нинель В.Г., Пучиньян Д.М., 2014</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2014</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Щаницын И.Н., Иванов А.Н., Бажанов С.П., Ульянов В.Ю., Норкин И.А., Нинель В.Г., Пучиньян Д.М.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Shchanitsyn I.N., Ivanov A.N., Bajanov S.P., Ulyanov V.J., Norkin I.A., Ninel V.G., Puchinyan D.M.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/687">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/687</self-uri><abstract><p>Согласно современным представлениям, травматические повреждения периферических нервов во всех случаях сопровождаются структурными и функциональными нарушениями состояния нейронов сегментарного аппарата спинного мозга. В начальной стадии травмы происходит вазодилятация сосудов спинного мозга и повышение проницаемости гематоспинального барьера на фоне нейрогенного воспаления и выброса активных веществ центральной частью С-волокна или активации моноцитов и Т-клеток. Эти изменения достигают максимума через 24 ч и сохраняются в течение 7 дней. В поздней стадии, на 3-5-й день после травмы, отмечаются структурные изменения задних и передних рогов. Важная роль в этих нарушениях принадлежит исчезновению ретроградного транспорта трофических факторов, нарушению гематоспинального барьера и изменению микроциркуляции в спинном мозге. В литературе представлены лишь единичные исследования изменений гематоспинального барьера и микроциркуляции спинного мозга при травме периферических нервов. Более детальное изучение этой проблемы может помочь в решении ряда вопросов, среди которых - развитие дегенеративных процессов в спинном мозге при периферических нейропатиях, патогенез и лечение нейропатической боли, фармакокинетика лекарственных веществ на фоне повышения проницаемости гематоэнцефалического и гематоспинального барьера, влияние лекарственных препаратов и электромагнитной стимуляции на регенерацию периферических нервов и спинного мозга, прогнозирование динамики функционального состояния спинного мозга при поражении периферических нервов. В статье представлены различные методы, которые могут помочь в исследовании патогенеза поражения нейронов спинного мозга при травме периферического нерва.</p></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>According to modern concepts, traumatic injuries of peripheral nerves are accompanied with structural and functional disorders of the spinal neurons in all cases. In an initial stage of injury there is vessel vasodilation ofspinal cord and increase ofpermeability of the blood-spinal barrier. This stage is also characterized by neurogenic inflammation and output of active substances from the central part offibers, or activation of monocytes and T cells. These changes reach their maximum in 24 hours and stay intact during 7 days. In a later stage, 3-5th day after the injury, structural changes are observed in the anterior and posterior horns. Disappearance of retrograde transport of trophic factors, disruption of blood-spinal cord barrier and change of microcirculation of the spinal cord play important role in these disorders. There are only a few studies of changes of blood-cerebrospinal barrier and microcirculation of the spinal cord after peripheral nerve injury in the literature. A more detailed study of this problem can help to solve some of questions, such as the development of degenerative changes in the spinal cord, the pathogenesis and treatment of neuropathic pain, the pharmacokinetics of medications on the background of increase of the permeability of blood-brain and blood-cerebrospinal barrier, the influence of the medications and electromagnetic stimulation effect on the regeneration ofperipheral nerves and spinal cord, prediction of dynamics of functional state of patients with lesions of the peripheral nerves. This article presents different methods that can help in the study of neuronal damage pathogenesis of the spinal cord injury after peripheral nerve injury.</p></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>травма периферического нерва</kwd><kwd>микроциркуляция</kwd><kwd>спинной мозг</kwd><kwd>гематоспинальный барьер</kwd><kwd>спинальный кровоток</kwd><kwd>лазерная допплеровская флоуметрия</kwd><kwd>peripheral nerve injury</kwd><kwd>microcirculation</kwd><kwd>spinal cord</kwd><kwd>blood-spinal cord barrier</kwd><kwd>spinal blood flow</kwd><kwd>Laser Doppler flowmetry</kwd></kwd-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Афонин Д. Н., Афонин П. Н. Допплерографическое исследование кровотока в сегментарных артериях при стенозе позвоночного канала // Вестник новых мед. технол. 2001. № 8 (4). С. 75-77.</mixed-citation><mixed-citation xml:lang="en">Афонин Д. Н., Афонин П. Н. 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