microcirculationРегионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляцияRegional blood circulation and microcirculation1682-66552712-9756Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University10.24884/1682-6655-2020-19-2-4-10microcirculation-776Research ArticleОБЗОРЫREVIEWSМикроциркуляторное русло кожи при эссенциальной артериальной гипертензииMicrocirculation of the skin with essential arterial hypertensionhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-9830-8959КоролевА. И.KorolevA. I.

Королев Андрей Игоревич – аспирант

101990, Москва, Петроверигский переулок, д. 10/3 

Korolev Andrey I. – postgraduate student 

10/3б, Petroverigskiy str., Moscow, 101990

kakandrey@list.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0001-5140-568XФедоровичА. А.FedorovichA. A.

Федорович Андрей Александрович – канд. мед. наук, старший научный сотрудник Отдела фундаментальных и прикладных аспектов ожирения; старший научный сотрудник Лаборатории физиологии кардиореспираторной системы и баромедицины  

101990, Москва, Петроверигский переулок, д. 10/3;

123007, Россия, Москва, Хорошевское шоссе, д. 76А

Fedorovich Andrey A. – PhD, senior research officer of the development of fundamental and applied aspects of obesity, senior research officer of the laboratory of physiology of the cardiorespiratory system and baromedicine 

10/3б, Petroverigskiy str., Moscow, 101990;

76A, Khoroshevskoe highway, Moscow, 123007

faa-micro@yandex.ruhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-1423-214XГоршковА. Ю.GorshkovA. Yu.

Горшков Александр Юрьевич – канд. мед. наук, научный сотрудник Отдела фундаментальных и прикладных аспектов ожирения

101990, Москва, Петроверигский переулок, д. 10/3 

Gorshkov Alexander Yu. – PhD, researcher officer of the development of fundamental and applied aspects of obesity

10/3б, Petroverigskiy str., Moscow, 101990 

aygorshkov@gmail.comhttps://orcid.org/0000-0002-4453-8430ДрапкинаО. М.DrapkinaO. M.

Драпкина Оксана Михайловна – д-р мед. наук, профессор, член-корреспондент РАН, директор

101990, Москва, Петроверигский переулок, д. 10/3 

Drapkina Oksana M. – Grand Dr. of Medical Sciences, professor, Corresponding Member of Russian Academy ofScience, director

10/3б, Petroverigskiy str., Moscow, 101990 

drapkina@bk.ruФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской ФедерацииРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive MedicineRussian FederationФедеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Национальный медицинский исследовательский центр терапии и профилактической медицины» Министерства здравоохранения Российской Федерации; Федеральное государственное бюджетное учреждение «Главный научный центр РФ "Институт медико-биологических проблем"» Российской академии наукРоссияNational Medical Research Center for Therapy and Preventive Medicine; The Russian Federation State Research Center – Institute of Biomedical Problems of the Russian Academy of Sciences (IBMP)Russian Federation202026062020192410Copyright © Королев А.И., Федорович А.А., Горшков А.Ю., Драпкина О.М., 20202020Королев А.И., Федорович А.А., Горшков А.Ю., Драпкина О.М.Korolev A.I., Fedorovich A.A., Gorshkov A.Y., Drapkina O.M.Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/776

Обзор посвящен вопросам нарушения микроциркуляции в коже при эссенциальной артериальной гипертензии по данным двух методов – капилляроскопии и лазерной допплеровской флоуметрии. Дополняя друг друга, методы дают информацию о структурном и функциональном состоянии артериолярных, капиллярных и венулярных сосудов в микрососудистом модуле. При артериальной гипертензии наиболее характерными нарушениями в микроциркуляторном модуле кожи являются вазомоторная дисфункция микрососудистого эндотелия, уменьшение дилататорного резерва и капиллярная рарефикация. Основной объем данной информации получен в неакральных участках кожи, где характер тканевой перфузии носит в основном нутритивную направленность. Не исследованным остается характер кровотока в акральных участках кожи, где доминирует симпатическая адренергическая система регуляции, а тканевая перфузия характеризуется терморегуляторной шунтовой направленностью. В представленном обзоре систематизированы данные о структурно-функциональном состоянии микроциркуляторного кровотока у лиц с эссенциальной артериальной гипертензией и определены направления дальнейшего изучения данного вопроса.

The review describes the skin microcirculation disorders with essential arterial hypertension by the capillaroscopy and laser Doppler flowmetry. The methods are complementary to each other and provide information about the structural and functional state of arteriolar, capillary and venular vessels in the microvasculature. The most common disorders in the skin microvasculature attending the arterial hypertension are vasomotor dysfunction of the microvascular endothelium, a decreasing of the dilator reserve, and capillary rarefaction. The bulk information was obtained in non-acral areas of the skin, where the tissue perfusion is has mainly nutritional pattern. The blood flow pattern in of the skin acral areas, where the sympathetic adrenergic system of regulation dominates, is still unexplored, and tissue perfusion is characterized by a thermoregulatory shunt orientation.

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The authors declare that there are no conflicts of interest present.