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<article article-type="research-article" dtd-version="1.3" xmlns:mml="http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML" xmlns:xlink="http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink" xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance" xml:lang="ru"><front><journal-meta><journal-id journal-id-type="publisher-id">microcirculation</journal-id><journal-title-group><journal-title xml:lang="ru">Регионарное кровообращение и микроциркуляция</journal-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Regional blood circulation and microcirculation</trans-title></trans-title-group></journal-title-group><issn pub-type="ppub">1682-6655</issn><issn pub-type="epub">2712-9756</issn><publisher><publisher-name>Academician I.P. Pavlov First St. Petersburg State Medical University</publisher-name></publisher></journal-meta><article-meta><article-id pub-id-type="doi">10.24884/1682-6655-2021-20-1-34-41</article-id><article-id custom-type="elpub" pub-id-type="custom">microcirculation-924</article-id><article-categories><subj-group subj-group-type="heading"><subject>Research Article</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="ru"><subject>ОРИГИНАЛЬНЫЕ СТАТЬИ (КЛИНИЧЕСКИЕ ИССЛЕДОВАНИЯ)</subject></subj-group><subj-group subj-group-type="section-heading" xml:lang="en"><subject>ORIGINAL ARTICLES (CLINICAL INVESTIGATIONS)</subject></subj-group></article-categories><title-group><article-title>Микромеханические свойства и функциональная активность гранулоцитов при моделировании экзогенной нагрузки с АТФ in vitro</article-title><trans-title-group xml:lang="en"><trans-title>Micromechanical properties and functional activity of granulocytes when simulating exogenous loading with ATP in vitro</trans-title></trans-title-group></title-group><contrib-group><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Скоркина</surname><given-names>М. Ю.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Skorkina</surname><given-names>M. Yu.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Скоркина Марина Юрьевна – доктор биологических наук, доцент, заведующая кафедрой биохимии</p><p>г. Белгород, ул. Победы, д. 85 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Skorkina Marina Yu. – Doctor of Biological science, docent, Head of Department of Biochemistry</p><p>Belgorod, Pobedy str., 85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">skorkina@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Шевченко</surname><given-names>Т. С.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Shevchenko</surname><given-names>T. S.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Шевченко Татьяна Сергеевна – кандидат биологических наук, доцент</p><p>г. Белгород, ул. Победы, д. 85 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Shevchenko Tatyana S. – Candidate of Biological science, Docent of Department of Biochemistry</p><p>Belgorod, Pobedy str., 85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">ts_shevchenko@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib><contrib contrib-type="author" corresp="yes"><name-alternatives><name name-style="eastern" xml:lang="ru"><surname>Жернакова</surname><given-names>Н. И.</given-names></name><name name-style="western" xml:lang="en"><surname>Zhernakova</surname><given-names>N. I.</given-names></name></name-alternatives><bio xml:lang="ru"><p>Жернакова Нина Ивановна – доктор медицинских наук, профессор, заведующая кафедрой семейной медицины</p><p>г. Белгород, ул. Победы, д. 85 </p></bio><bio xml:lang="en"><p>Zhernakova Nina I. – Doctor of Medical science, Professor, Head of Department of Family Medicine</p><p>Belgorod, Pobedy str., 85</p></bio><email xlink:type="simple">zhernakova@bsu.edu.ru</email><xref ref-type="aff" rid="aff-1"/></contrib></contrib-group><aff-alternatives id="aff-1"><aff xml:lang="ru"><institution>Федеральное государственное бюджетное образовательное учреждение высшего образования «Белгородский государственный национальный исследовательский университет» Министерства образования Российской Федерации</institution><country>Россия</country></aff><aff xml:lang="en"><institution>Belgorod State National Research University</institution><country>Russian Federation</country></aff></aff-alternatives><pub-date pub-type="collection"><year>2021</year></pub-date><pub-date pub-type="epub"><day>21</day><month>03</month><year>2021</year></pub-date><volume>20</volume><issue>1</issue><fpage>34</fpage><lpage>40</lpage><permissions><copyright-statement>Copyright &amp;#x00A9; Скоркина М.Ю., Шевченко Т.С., Жернакова Н.И., 2021</copyright-statement><copyright-year>2021</copyright-year><copyright-holder xml:lang="ru">Скоркина М.Ю., Шевченко Т.С., Жернакова Н.И.</copyright-holder><copyright-holder xml:lang="en">Skorkina M.Y., Shevchenko T.S., Zhernakova N.I.</copyright-holder><license xml:lang="ru" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>Данная работа распространяется под лицензией Creative Commons Attribution 4.0.</license-p></license><license xml:lang="en" license-type="creative-commons-attribution" xlink:href="https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/" xlink:type="simple"><license-p>This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 License.</license-p></license></permissions><self-uri xlink:href="https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/924">https://www.microcirc.ru/jour/article/view/924</self-uri><abstract><p>Цель работы – изучить микромеханические свойства и функциональную активность гранулоцитов в норме и у больных острым лимфобластным лейкозом при моделировании экзогенной нагрузки с АТФ в опытах in vitro.</p><sec><title>Материалы и методы</title><p>Материалы и методы. Выделяли лейкоциты из крови больных острым лимфобластным лейкозом и здоровых людей. Каждую пробу делили на опытную и контрольную. В опытных пробах моделировали нагрузку с АТФ in vitro, лейкоциты контрольных проб инкубировали в культуральной среде без добавления АТФ. Модуль Юнга и силу адгезии измеряли на атомно-силовом микроскопе в режиме силовой спектроскопии. Потенциал поверхности клеток измеряли на атомно-силовом микроскопе в режиме моды Кельвина. Для оценки функциональной активности гранулоцитов использовали гипоосмотические тесты in vitro и определение миграционной активности.</p></sec><sec><title>Результаты</title><p>Результаты. В тестах с экзогенной АТФ, как в пробах здоровых людей, так и больных острым лимфобластным лейкозом, установлено снижение жесткости и потенциала поверхности плазмалеммы, усиление адгезивных свойств лейкоцитов и миграционной активности. При этом ответы гранулоцитов на осмотическую нагрузку различались: так, в группе здоровых людей нагрузка с АТФ вызывала сжатие клетки и снижение использования мембранного резерва клеткой в гипотонической среде, а у пациентов больных ОЛЛ – увеличение объема и более интенсивное использование мембранного резерва в регуляции объема.</p></sec><sec><title>Заключение</title><p>Заключение. Выявленные эффекты указывают на ведущую роль молекулы АТФ в механизмах сигнальной трансдукции между клетками крови в микроциркуляторном русле. Установленное в исследовании увеличение адгезивных свойств клеточной поверхности гранулоцитов, параллельно с усилением их миграционной активности под влиянием молекулы АТФ, может способствовать развитию воспаления в сосудистой стенке.</p></sec></abstract><trans-abstract xml:lang="en"><p>The micromechanical properties of leukocytes make a certain contribution to the blood flow velocity in the microcirculatory bed, while the micromechanical properties themselves change under the influence of a complex network of purinergic signals.</p><p>The aim of the work was to study the micromechanical properties and functional activity of granulocytes in normal conditions and in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia when simulating exogenous loading with ATP in vitro.</p><sec><title>Materials and methods</title><p>Materials and methods. Leukocytes were isolated from the blood of patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia and healthy people. Each sample was divided into a test sample and a control sample. In the test samples, the loading with ATP in vitro was simulated. Leukocytes of the control samples were incubated in the culture medium without the addition of ATP. Young’s modulus and adhesion force were measured using an atomic force microscope in the force spectroscopy mode. The cell surface potential was measured in an atomic force microscope in the Kelvin mode. To assess the functional activity of granulocytes, hypoosmotic tests in vitro and determination of migration activity were used.</p></sec><sec><title>Results</title><p>Results. In tests with exogenous ATP, both in samples from healthy people and from patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, a decrease in the rigidity and potential of the plasma membrane surface, an increase in the adhesive properties of leukocytes and migration activity were found. At the same time, the responses of granulocytes to the osmotic loading were different: for example, in the group of healthy people, the loading with ATP caused cell contraction and a decrease in the use of the membrane reserve by the cell in a hypotonic environment, and in patients with acute lymphoblastic leukemia, it caused an increase in the volume and more intensive use of the membrane reserve in volume regulation.</p></sec><sec><title>Conclusion</title><p>Conclusion. The revealed effects indicate the leading role of the ATP molecule in the signal transduction mechanisms between blood cells in the microvasculature. The increase in the adhesive properties of the cell surface of granulocytes revealed in the study, in parallel with the increase in their migration activity under the influence of the ATP molecule, can contribute to the development of inflammation in the vessel wall.</p></sec></trans-abstract><kwd-group xml:lang="ru"><kwd>гранулоциты</kwd><kwd>модуль Юнга</kwd><kwd>адгезия</kwd><kwd>потенциал поверхности</kwd><kwd>мембранный потенциал</kwd><kwd>мембранный резерв</kwd><kwd>миграция</kwd></kwd-group><kwd-group xml:lang="en"><kwd>granulocytes</kwd><kwd>Young’s modulus</kwd><kwd>adhesion</kwd><kwd>surface potential</kwd><kwd>membrane potential</kwd><kwd>membrane reserve</kwd><kwd>migration</kwd></kwd-group><funding-group><funding-statement xml:lang="ru">Исследование выполнено при финансовой поддержке РФФИ в рамках научного проекта № 18-015- 00032\20</funding-statement><funding-statement xml:lang="en">The reported study was funded by the Russian Foundation of Basic Research (RFBR) according to the research project № 18-015-00032\20</funding-statement></funding-group></article-meta></front><back><ref-list><title>References</title><ref id="cit1"><label>1</label><citation-alternatives><mixed-citation xml:lang="ru">Burnstock G, Boeynaems JM. 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