Capabilities of portable laser analyzers in assessing the state of microcirculation and its regulatory mechanisms

Introduction. The aim of the study was to evaluate the diagnostic capabilities of various modifications of portable analyzers LAZMA-PF when studying the state of microcirculation depending on the tasks set.

Materials and methods. Synchronous assessment of lower extremity microcirculation using a distributed system of single-channel analyzers LAZMA-PF, was performed in patients with unilateral coxarthrosis (n=37) in the initial state and after hip joint replacement. In patients with colorectal cancer (n=27) and in the healthy control group (n=30), a comparative assessment of microcirculation and oxidative metabolism was performed using a multimodal analyzer LAZMA-PF combining two diagnostic technologies – laser Doppler flowmetry and fluorescence spectroscopy.

Results. The perfusion level in the damaged limb in patients with unilateral coxarthrosis, reduced by 57 % (p<0.01) compared to the contralateral limb, was maintained due to a significant tension on the regulatory mechanisms of microcirculation, as evidenced by a more than twofold (p<0.001) increase in the coefficient of variation and increased amplitudes of regulatory rhythms of microcirculation (from 21 % up to 30 %, p<0.05). In the postoperative period, a decrease in perfusion by 10 % (p<0.05) was noted in the intact limb due to increased neurogenic influences and suppression of endothelial oscillations by 24 %, p<0.05. In patients with colorectal cancer, decreased perfusion (by 23 %, p<0.05), microcirculation variability (by 21 %, p<0.05) and amplitudes of tone-forming (from 36 % up to 52 %, p<0.05) and respiratory (by 29 %, p<0.05) microcirculation rhythms were recorded; a decrease in nutritive blood flow (by 40 %, p<0.01) and oxidative metabolism (by 43 %, p<0.01) in comparison with the norm were fixed.

Conclusion. The use of portable laser analyzers on symmetrical areas of the body made it possible to identify a decrease in perfusion in the affected limb with unilateral coxarthrosis and redistribution of microcirculation in favor of the operated limb after hip joint endoprosthesis. When using a multimodal analyzer in patients with colorectal cancer, microcirculation violation of ischemia type and decrease in oxidative metabolism of tissues were recorded.

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