Microcirculatory changes during stimulation of tissue regeneration by polycaprolactone scaffold

The purpose of the study. The estimation of skin microcirculatory changes appearing in rats after subcutaneous implantation of polycaprolactone (PCL) scaffolds. Materials and methods. The experiments were conducted on 3 groups of rats: comparison group - the animals exposed to surgical intervention to the extent equivalent to matrix implantation, negative control group - animals subcutaneously implanted with non-biocompatible matrix; and experimental - rats subcutaneously implanted by PCL-scaffold. Skin microcirculation was analyzed by Lazer Doppler flowmetry (LDF) on the 7th, 14th and 21st day of the experiment. Morphological analysis of soft tissue complex and matrix samples was carried out on the 21st day of the experiment for scaffold biocompatibility verification. Results. It has been found that moderate increase in skin perfusion of animals in the comparison group over the surgical intervention area is not accompanied by the changes of active mechanisms of blood flow modulation and is completely resolved by the 21st day of the experiment. In negative control group, skin perfusion over the implantation area is 2 times higher than in controls in the period from 7th to 21st day of the experiment and this is accompanied by the significant increase of neurogenic and myogenic blood flow oscillation amplitudes. In the course of morphological analysis, these animals have demonstrated active inflammatory response. In the experimental group, perfusion changes are comparable with those in the comparison group and they resolve completely by the 21st day of the experiment. Morphological analysis suggests that by the 21st day of the experiment PLC-scaffold is evenly colonized by connective tissue cells and is vascularized. At the same time, reactive changes of adjacent tissues have not been detected. Conclusion. Skin microcirculatory changes over the scaffold implantation area correspond to the morphological pattern of tissue reactions which allows using LDF for dynamic estimation of scaffold biocompatibility in the course of subcutaneous implantation tests. This data suggest good PLC-scaffold biocompatibility which proves the prospects of its practical application in the tissue engineering.

скаффолд, биосовместимость, микроциркуляция, поликапролактон, scaffold, biocompatibility, microcirculation, polycaprolactone

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