Content of nitric oxide and copper in the olfactory bulbs of the rats brain after modeling of cerebral stroke and intranasal administration of mesenchymal stem cells

Introduction. With a decrease in the oxygen content in the inhaled air, violations of the cerebral blood flow, brain ischemia occurs, which can end in an ischemic stroke.
Aim. Comparative analysis of the intensity of nitric oxide (NO) production and the copper content in the olfactory bulb tissues of the brain of male Wistar rats after modeling an ischemic stroke.
Materials and methods. Modeling of ischemic stroke by ligation at the bifurcation level of both common carotid arteries and measuring the content of NO and copper by EPR spectroscopy.
Results. The relative changes in the number of NO-containing complexes and the copper content were estimated from the integrated signal intensity of the complexes (DETC)₂-Fe²⁺-NO and (DETC)₂- Cu. A significant decrease by 47 % after 1 and 57 % after 2 days, respectively, in the NO content in the olfactory bulb of the rat brain was found after the ischemia modeling. The level of NO production in rats that underwent ischemia simulation with simultaneous intranasal administration of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) was also reduced by 51 % after 1 and 70 % after 2 days, respectively, after ischemia modeling. There was no significant difference in the NO content in the rats after ischemia modeling with simultaneous intranasal administration of MSCs compared to the ischemic rats. The copper content, which corresponds to the level of superoxide dismutase 1 and 3, in the rat’s olfactory bulb tended to increase after ischemia modeling and it persisted for two days of observation (an increase of 50 % in both cases). Intranasal administration of MSCs was accompanied by a significant increase in the Cu content (by 89 %) 1 day after the ischemia modeling, and 2 days later – by a decrease in its content by 36 % (compared to the control). In the control animals that were not subjected to surgical operations, no changes in the content of NO or copper were observed.
Conclusion. The experiments showed a 2-fold decrease in the NO content in the olfactory bulb of the rat brain 1 and 2 days after the ischemia modeling, and demonstrated that the intranasal administration of MSCs did not affect the intensity of NO production on the 1st and 2nd days after the brain ischemia modeling, but was accompanied by an increase in the antioxidant protection of the nervous tissue one day after ischemia.

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