The present review is devoted to the problem of the aorta and major arteries wall calcification. In this paper the comparative description of different types of calcinosis is presented. The main notice of article is focused on the intimal- and mediacalcinosis (Monckeberg's sclerosis) as a kinds with a more common incidence in general population. Through the literatures data, possibly causes and pathogenetic mechanisms of calcinosis are described. The great attention is given to a clinical value of an abdominal aorta wall calcinosis. In conclusion, the relationship between abdominal aortic calcification and high risk of cardiovascular events is analyzed.

The retraction of marginal gingival may lead to negative consequences depending on the type of impregnating cords and on exposure period. The retraction by nonimpregnated cord was performed on 56 teeth of 19 patients provided with healthy periodontium. By using ultrasonic doppler diagnostics it was pursued a research into degree of capillary circulation impairment and period of blood supply restoration after the retraction of gingival provided with healthy periodontium. There were analyzed both straight indices of bloodstream (Vas и Qas) and indices depending on vascular bed responsiveness. It was established, that impregnated cords affect the bloodstream in marginal gingival much deeper, than nonimpregnated cords. Regardless of absolute value recovery the analysis of responsiveness indices using method of N. N. Belousov enables the discovering of subtle differences in bloodstream disturbances.

We investigated the peripheral microcirculatory blood flow (MBF) in patients with systemic atherosclerosis - 60 people and in patients with systemic atherosclerosis in combination with diabetes mellitus (DM) - 60 people. The aim of this study was to evaluate the functional state of peripheral MBF in patients with systemic atherosclerosis in combination with DM. The results confirm the negative impact of DM in the microcirculatory bed of patients with systemic atherosclerosis. The combination of the atherosclerotic process in DM is accompanied by more severe violation of the functional state of the MBF by reducing microvascular vasodilation reserve and collateral circulation disorders of the peripheral tissues.

To study the state of microcirculation in children with diabetes mellitus type 1 depending on duration of disease temperature response of fingers phalanx to brachial artery occlusion has been analyzed by means of dynamic thermography. The state of the upper extremities microcirculation examined by laser Doppler flowmetry. We examined 86 children with diabetes mellitus type 1 aged 7 to 17 years with disease duration from 6 months to 14 years who are on insulin replacement.
It has been established that children with a duration of diabetes type 1 for over 6 months microcirculation in peripheral parts of the limbs revealed from 71.9 to 93.3 % of cases depending on duration of disease, the severity of microcirculatory disorders in children with diabetes mellitus type 1 increases with increasing duration of disease, while reducing the rate of temperature increasing after release of the brachial occlusion can be considered as a marker of microvascular functional reactivity decline.

We examined 180 workers of locomotive brigades aged 20-54 (42.5±7.8) years. Patients had a clinical examination, phenotypic study, electrocardiography, echocardiography, ECG Holter monitoring, endothelial-dependent flow-mediated vasodilatation of the brachial artery, endothelial-independent vasodilatation of the brachial artery. Our results indicate, that patients with the syndromes and phenotypes of dysplasia and normal pressure had worse function of endothelium, but cases of vessels remodeling were less. Patients with essential hypertension had not such differences.

Interrelation of the skin temperature and the blood flow oscillations of the finger phalanxes at normal environment in healthy subjects has been investigated. Oscillations of the blood flow measured by means of the photoplethysmography, the temperature measurements performed by means of thermal infrared camera.
The method of blood flow reconstruction by temperature oscillations with use of the Pennes bioheat transfer equation and a definition of a delay time of the temperature in relation to the blood flow signal has been described. The temperature oscillations have a lag in relation to the blood flow oscillations approximately of 10-20 seconds as a result of a finite transfer time of the temperature waves, propagating from the blood vessels to the skin surface. Delay time and diffusion rate of the temperature waves can be used for the definition of an effective thickness of a tissue layer parting the blood vessels and the skin surface.
Using of the described technique of comparison of the finger blood flow and the temperature oscillations allows to raise correlation coefficient of the signals in average from 0.35 to 0.63, that testifies of high degree conditionality of the temperature oscillations by the blood flow oscillations. Rising of a correlation coefficient of the temperature and the blood flow should simplify the analysis of the signals in time-frequency domain.
The considered method of non-contact restoration of blood flow oscillations by means of temperature oscillation measurements might find practical application in researches of skin thermal lesions, researches of influence of physical, chemical factors on a haemodynamics of peripheric vessels and skin microcirculation.

We studied thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS), superoxide dismutase activity (SOD) and SH-group level in plasma of 38 patients with activation of intravascular coagulation and fibrinolysis (AIVCF). The D-dimer level in plasma was > 500 mkg/l. It was found the elevated concentration TBARS and decrease SOD activity and SH-group level in plasma of patients with lactoacidemia. The increased SOD activity and D-dimer level negatively correlated in AIVCF.

The article is devoted to the morphological characteristics of the cardiovascular remodeling in experimental menopause and effects of drospirenone on it. Drospirenone is a synthetic progesterone with antimineralicorthicoids activity. Most of the normotensive ovariectomized rats have developed eccentric left ventricular hypertrophy without arterial hypertension. Marked perivascular fibrosis was observed in myocardium as well. Drospirenone attenuates left ventricular hypertrophy and prevents process of the fibrosis, but these findings don't reach the control ones.

We studied the contractile activity of smooth muscles of a lymph nodes capsule. Spontaneous contractions of capsule have a prolonged duration. Phase of contraction, which lasts up to 35 seconds, promotes long-term increase in pressure in node and provides the efficient movement of lymph in node's sinuses from the afferent lymphatic vessels to hilus. The sympathetic nervous system has a stimulating effect on the parameters of the transport function of the lymph nodes by the activation of α₁- and α₂-adrenergic receptors on smooth muscle cell membrane of the capsule lymph nodes. We believe that the lymph nodes as well as lymphatic vessels function as active pumps in the lymphatic transport system.

Forebrain catecholaminergic system was studied in rats two days following focal ischemia induced by 30-min occlusion of middle brain artery. Catecholaminergic structures were revealed using immunocytochemical staining for tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), the enzyme of catecholamines synthesis. Distribution of TH is described in the forebrain areas in control - predominantly in fibers and terminals as well as some neurons of neocortex and striatum. Intensity of TH immunostaining reduced sharply in the brain artery occlusion hemisphere 2 days after ischemia. Probably, this is a result of increased reactivity to ischemia of catecholaminergic neurons of midbrain and brainstem projecting to the forebrain areas.

Revealed that in experimental preeclampsia induced by replacing the drinking water at 1.8 % NaCl in rats from the first day of gestation until birth, observed shortening of the clotting time compared with animals without preeclampsia and disorders in the microcirculation. Derivatives of GABA compounds WPC-147 WPC-189 and comparator drug sulodexide reduces the rate of formation of thrombus and increased linear and volumetric blood flow velocity in females with experimental gestosis.

MicroRNA is usually defined as a class of small untranslated RNAs involved in the modulation of different processes within the cell by means of specific repression of mRNA translation and/or acceleration of its degradation. Tissue-specific profile of microRNA expression as well as existence of mechanisms of microRNA transport from the cells into the biological fluids might be considered as important prerequisites for the use of microRNA as a disease biomarker, including cardiac ischemia-reperfusion injury. It is known that microRNA-208a is expressed uniquely in cardiac myocytes and, thus, might serve as a promising biomarker of cardiac injury. In the present study, the levels of circulating microRNA-208a were determined with real-time PCR after 30-min regional myocardial ischemia followed by 90-min reperfusion in the rat. It was shown that microRNA-208a level was approximately 20-fold higher in the animals subjected to myocardial ischemia-reperfusion as compared to sham-treated animals. These data lend support for the idea that circulating microRNA-208a may play a role of highly specific biomarker for cardiac ischemic injury.