Возможности эхокардиографического исследования при острой форме новой коронавирусной инфекции COVID-19 и при постковидном синдроме

Статья посвящена анализу литературы о возможностях эхокардиографического исследования сердца в острый период COVID-19 и после перенесенной новой коронавирусной инфекции (НКВИ). Рассматриваются вопросы применения эхокардиографии в оценке дисфункции правого желудочка и легочной гипертензии, дисфункции левого желудочка, при острых коронарных синдромах, в диагностике выпота в полости перикарда, диагностике инфекционного эндокардита, а также при постковидном синдроме. Рассмотрены распространенность эхокардиографических признаков поражения сердца и возможные механизмы кардиальной патологии. Показано, что эхокардиографический анализ у пациентов с COVID-19 дает важную информацию о систолической и диастолической функции левого и правого желудочков, ремоделировании миокарда, региональной кинетике стенок, наличии выпота в полости перикарда, а также клапанной патологии в контексте возможного инфекционного эндокардита. Анализ литературных источников свидетельствует о прогностической ценности деформации миокарда правого и левого желудочков, оцененной с помощью эхокардиографической методики спекл-трекинг, особенно у лиц с тяжелым течением COVID-19. Данные эхокардиографии могут быть полезны в диагностике таких сердечно-сосудистых осложнений новой коронавирусной инфекции, как острые коронарные синдромы, сердечная недостаточность, перикардит, инфекционный эндокардит. Результаты эхокардиографии имеют диагностическую ценность, как в острый период, так и у лиц, перенесших COVID-19, особенно при развитии постковидного синдрома. Авторами сделан вывод о важности динамического наблюдения с использованием эхокардиографии за лицами, перенесшими новую коронавирусную инфекцию, с обязательным включением в протокол исследования параметров систолической деформации миокарда левого и правого желудочков.

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