The preservation of donor heart is the important problem of the transplantation and cardiac surgery. Despite the progress made, the need for further research on this issue is substantial. This review highlights the latest progress in terms of donor heart preservation and provides a focus for the development of heart preservation techniques. This review gives an overview of new preservation solutions and provides a focus for optimization of the composition of existing preservation solutions. Such methods of donor heart preservation as continuous perfusion, preservation at subzero temperature, and oxygen persufflation are also discussed.

Purpose. To study the parameters of local stiffness of arterial wall in correlation with cardiovascular risk factors in hypertensive patients. Material and methods. We carried out cross-sectional population study of workers of an industrial enterprise. The study included 213 individuals, among which 106 had arterial hypertension stage I-II and 107 were healthy. We made the assessment of the stage and grade of hypertension, additional categories of cardiovascular risk, as well as that of behavioral and biological risk factors in accordance with national guidelines. All the patients underwent ultrasound examination of the carotid arteries with simultaneous evaluation of arterial stiffness. Results. With the progression of hypertension there is a trend to increased vascular stiffness. Indicators of vascular stiffness were associated not only with age and level of blood pressure, but also with the anthropometric parameters and the level of apolipoprotein A and ratio Apo B/Apo A. Conclusion. Age, abdominal obesity, altered metabolism of apolipoproteins, and history of hypertension may predict increased arterial stiffness.

Purpose. Morbidity and mortality remain are still high in patients with coronary artery disease, especially in patients with recurrent angina pectoris after coronary artery bypass grafting (CABG) and distal atherosclerosis. The evaluation of myocardial blood supply and metabolism was performed after intracoronary autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells infusion in patients with CAD who are not suitable for CABG. Design/Methodology/Approach. Functional class of angina pectoris (CCS), nitroglycerine consumption, exercise test and 6-min walk test were determined. In addition, following instrumental methods were applied: coronarography, single-photon emission computed tomography and positron emission tomography. Findings. The functional class of angina pectoris and the nitroglycerine consumption decreased in one year follow-up of patients, who resieved treatment with intracoronary autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells infusion. Meanwhile, the tolerance to physical activity, the myocardial blood supply and the metabolism increased in patients with CAD. Conclusion. Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cells intracoronary infusion improves myocardial blood supply and metabolism in patients with coronary artery disease who are not suitable for CABG.

19 patients with acute ischemic stroke and 22 patients with chronic cerebrovascular encephalopathy were evaluated by course of neurological, psychoemotional state, cognitive function, laboratory tests. Laser Doppler flowmetry (LDF) was performed from 3 to 7 days after the onset of ischemic stroke on forehead in the supraorbital region, which supplies blood to the supraorbital artery from internal carotid artery. The volume of perfusion in the microvasculature in the projection of the affected vascular field in patients with acute ischemic stroke was lower compared to patients with cerebrovascular insufficiency. Patients with acute ischemic stroke had activation of blood flow in microcirculatory vascular bed with the activation of myogenic activity of muscle-containing arterioles and predominantly nutritive regimen of microcirculation after systemic thrombolytic therapy was performed. In case of significant stroke size, myogenic activity and nutritive pattern of microhemodynamics were reduced, in some cases non-nutritive pattern and /or venular stasis was revealed. LDF can be used as effective diagnostic method for early detection of adverse cerebral microcirculatory changes to perform necessary correction.

Purpose. Diabetic neuropathy is the most common complication of diabetes mellitus. Neuropathy is steadily progressing even when the compensation of diabetes is observed. The search of the new methods of treatment and diagnosis of neuropathy is required. The research work outlines the potential of High-frequency Ultrasonic Dopplerography for evaluating metabolic therapy results in diabetic neuropathy patients. Design/methodology/approach. 45 diabetic patients were examined. The treatment group (22 patients) received metabolic therapy by Karnicetin (acetil-L-carnitine) along with standard therapy during 24 weeks. Control group received standard therapy. Findings. The reduction of clinical symptoms of neuropathy and restoration of microcirculation were demonstrated in the treatment group after 24 weeks of therapy. The endothelial protection was estimated, but there was no influence on microvascular innervation. Conclusion. High-frequency Ultrasonic Dopplerography allowed to inspect the mechanisms of action of drug therapy, to differentiate of its effects and to select of individual therapy.

The aim of the study was to evaluate the vasomotor activity of skin precapillary arterioles, depending on the condition of blood outflow from the capillary bed in patients with essential arterial hypertension (AH). The study included 30 normotensive subjects (NT) and 63 patients with AH, who were tested with a laser Doppler flowmetry with wavelet analysis of blood flow oscillations on the right forearm and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring on the left shoulder. Antihypertensive therapy was stopped for all patients 14 days prior to the experiment or AH was diagnosed for the first time. The hypertensive patients were divided into 2 groups, depending on the amplitude of the respiratory blood flow oscillations in skin microvessels. The first group included 30 patients without blood outflow disorders (VN), the second group consisted of 33 patients with various intensity of functional disorders in venular sector of microvasculature (VS). If the value of the amplitude of blood flow oscillations can be related to the «tone» definition, then VN patients have a significant increase in neurogenic component of vascular tone (p<0.002) and disorder of microvessel vasomotor endothelial function (p=0.065) in regard to NT, and VS patients comparing to NT have a significant reduction of myogenic component tone of precapillary arterioles (p<0.05). VN patients compared to VS patients have a higher precapillary arteriolar tone due to endothelial (p<0.01), neurogenic (p<0.01) and myogenic (p<0,01) components of the vascular tone. Despite the lower values of the precapillary arteriolar tone, VS patients have higher BP values both at daytime (p<0.0005), and in nocturnal hours (p<0.05), and the functional state of venular sector is connected with nocturnal BP reduction. Obtained results indicate that hypertensive patients can have significant differences in the functional state of microvessels. The assessment of the initial skin microvasculatory regulatory mechanisms status could potentially be useful for individual choice of antihypertensive therapy.

Purpose: to study the influence and mechanisms of action of heparin on the contractile activity of smooth muscle of lymph vessels. Experiments were performed on segments of lymphatic vessels from bovine mesentery. Contractile activity of smooth muscles was recorded by using tension sensor FORT-10 and Labmaster software. Low concentrations of heparin (≤ 15 U/ml) caused an increase of the spontaneous contractile activity, whereas higher concentrations decreased it. L-NAME increased an activating effects of heparin and decreased its inhibitory effects. Inhibitory effect of heparin was prevented by methylene blue or glibenclamide, and partially, by indomethacin. Thus, the relaxation response to the action of heparin has been associated with changes in the activity of guanylate cyclase , and lesser, with the cyclooxygenase regulation mechanisms of smooth muscle contractile activity of lymphatic's.

The study of pathogenesis of respiratory disorders in impaired cerebral circulation remains an important problem of modern medicine. This paper presents the study results of the surfactant system, water balance of the lungs, the states of organ nonspecific resistance in experimental ten-day incomplete global cerebral ischemia, modelled by bilateral occlusion of the common carotid arteries. It was established that in conditions of cerebral hypoperfusion the surface activity of surfactant is reduced due to the imbalance of fractional composition of alveolar lipids and activation processes leading to phospholipase hydrolysis. There are changes in the water balance of different severity resulting in hyper- and hypohydratation of pulmonary tissue, activation of the mechanisms of nonspecific organ resistance. The revealed disorders of the metabolic functions of lungs in the conditions of chronic cerebral hypoperfusion can be symptoms of stress-induced dysregulation pneumopathy.

Introduction. The quality control of experimental focal cerebral ischemia is one of the most important prerequisites of preclinical studies in rodents. We suggest ultrasound Doppler examination to be useful instrument for cerebral blood flow assessment during MCA occlusion in rats. The aim of our work was to test efficacy of the ultrasound Doppler examination for cerebral blood flow verification during MCA occlusion in rats. Methods. We applied focal cerebral ischemia by Koizumi. All animals were subjected to 30 minutes of MCA occlusion via filament implantation. They were divided in two groups: 1) without ultrasound Doppler examination and 2) with ultrasound Doppler examination. We performed left craniectomy for monitoring the efficacy of ischemia with the help of ultrasound dopplerography («Minimax-Doppler-К» sensor 25 MHz). Brain tissue slices were stained with 2 % triphenyl tetrazolium chloride (TTC) to assess the infarction volume. Results. 20 % of experiments in first group didn't show morphological brain lesion after TTC staining, or infarction spanned the entire MCA territory which is indicative of the lack of reperfusion. There was no significant difference in infarction size between two groups. However, the values were more heterogenous in group 1. Conclusion. By using dopplerography in experimental group we could exclude the animals with severe no-reflow. Ultrasonic dopplerography offers the opportunity of selecting animals, control occlusion extent, and occlusion stability during the ischemia, while the animals with atypical brain blood supply could be excluded. Eventually, it results in better reproducibility of experimental brain ischemia and promote animal saving.

The study was performed on 100 corpses of human fetuses of 9-36 weeks using a complex macro-microscopic method. It was found that common iliac lymрh сoПeсtor has different forms of organization: the lymph sacs, plexus with the bigining of the lymph nodes and the definitive variants of the structure is proposed. The idea of magistralization - as the key step in formation of the definitive total iliac lymphatic collector.

The article represents data from study of mesenteric microvessels reactivity in Wistar rat after low dose laser irradiation and photodynamic treatment. It had been revealed that low dose laser irradiation induced postponed microvessels dilation. Exposure to photosensitizer Radahlorin did not influenced microvessels state. Photodynamic treatment caused constriction of arterioles and venules. Photodynamic treatment and laser irradiation affected adrenoreactivity of microvessels.