The phenomenon of «no-reflow» refers to a state of myocardial tissue hypoperfusion or absence of perfusion after eliminating the cause of the occlusion of the coronary artery. Two main pathogenetic mechanisms may contribute to the development of no-reflow phenomenon after primary percutaneous coronary intervention in patients with myocardial infarction: ischemic-reperfusion injury of the microcirculatory vessels and embolization of the distal arterial bed with fragments of thrombus and atherosclerotic plaque. In this review, we describe the pathophysiological mechanisms of no-reflow, risk factors for no-reflow phenomenon, the principles of diagnosis and therapeutic targets.

The review is focused on the role of matrix metalloproteinases and their inhibitors in the development of myocardial remodeling after infarction of the heart muscle. the article describes the structural features of proteases and their function in the body, levels of control of their synthesis and their action function together with the natural inhibitors. The paper shows data of numerous authors, which reflect information regarding the activity of metalloproteinases and their inhibitors at different times after the development of myocardial necrosis in humans and simulated heart attack in different animals.

Objective - to evaluate changes in systemic and pulmonary circulation in the cases of metabolic acidosis (MetAcid) after CABG. Material and metods. Study enrolled 114 patients. In the postoperative period we sampled arterial and mixed venous blood for acid-base analysis. At the same time point we measured a hemodynamic parameters). Results. We found opposite changes in systemic circulation in the cases with different types of MetAcid. SIR was associated with vasoplegia and increased stroke volume (SV). The cases of AHF showed decrease in SV and vasoconstriction. We found one-direction changes in pulmonary circulation in the cases with different types of MetAcid. There were a tendency toward an increase in the pulmonary vascular resistance, raise in the PAPmean in both subgroups.

Objective. To determine the specificity of the vasodilation of isosorbide dinitrate (ID), nitric oxide (NO), inhaled iloprost (iIlo). Materials and methods. Study included 190 vasoreactivity tests (ID, NO or iIlo, Swan-Ganz catheter) performed in 124 candidates for heart transplantation. Results. In the ID group mean PAP decreased by 22.8±14.7 %, in the NO - by 5.9±17.4 %, in the iIlo - by 14.6±15 %, PAWP in the ID group decreased by 29±17 %, in the iIlo - by 3.9±27.2 %, but in NO PAWP increased by 11±33.7 %. When using NO, SVI decreased from 23.8±7.9 to 22.4±6.7 ml/m². When using D, SVI increased by 29.2±27.7 %, as well as in the iIlo by 20.6±24.5 %. Conclusion. Selective vasodilation of pulmonary vessels by NO caused LV overload and a decrease in LV output.

The purpose of the study: to assess the significance of the nDNA plasma level in patients after cardiac surgery to predict the development of acute heart failure (AHF), acute kidney injury (AKI) and SIRS. Material and methods. The present prospective observational pilot cohort study of nDNA plasma level and the development of complications. Results. The nDNA plasma level was maximal 12 h after surgery. The level of nDNA > 20.5 ng/ml 12 h after surgery can predict risk of SIRS (sensitivity/specificity - 56/75 %); > 17.9 ng/ml - risk of AKI (79/69 %) and the AHF (62/58 %). Conclusion. The nDNA plasma level may be a predictor of early complications after cardiac surgery.

Goal. Evaluate cerebral hemodynamics in the patient after clipping of saccular aneurysms of the brain during nosocomial transportation, in the early postoperative period. Material and methods. A study was conducted in 86 patients divided into four groups, where the first group of patients was transported without additional sedation, the second - with additional sedation with solutions of morphine hydrochloride 1 % - 1.0 and a bit of diazepam 0.5 % - 2.0, in the third group, patients were sedated with propofol solution at a dose of 1 mg/kg in the 3rd group, and a solution of sodium thiopental at a dose of 4 mg/kg was administered in the 4th group for sedation prior to transport. Results. In the first group, a significant increase in the average velocity of blood flow through the cerebral vessels was found to be 23.5 % on the side of operational combat. The use of any of the three proposed schemes for additional sedation of a significant level of salary increase, but in the 3 rd and 4 th groups the blood pressure is statistically significantly lower. Conclusion. An increase in the indices of cerebral angiospasm during intra-hospital transportation was revealed. Justification of the use of additional sedation, transported with the use of artificial ventilation. It has been proved that during sedation and analgesia morphine and diazepammental shifts of systemic hemodynamics do not occur, however, the increase in the indices of cerebral angiospasm is significantly lower than in the first group of patients.

Purpose of the study. To assess the effect of contact between hyper-crosslinked polystyrene (HCP) MN-202 and two silica gels (coarse-grained silica gel large-pore (CSL-2) and Silochrom S-120) with human venous blood in vitro conditions to change its physico-chemical parameters. Material and methods. In bench conditions the contact interaction of heparinized blood and sorbents in the rotational mode is carried out for 120 minutes Oxygen status, acid-base status (ABS), electrolytes and some metabolites were evaluated. The analyzer ABL 800 FLEX / 835 Version 6.13 Build 372 was used. Conclusion. HCP MN-202 and Silochrom s-120 can be used as neutral matrices to further modify and design specific hemocontact preparations.

Cell integration and cultivation on the matrix are the key processes in the development of a tissue-engineered vascular implant (TEVI) based on a biodegradable polymer scaffold. The aim of this researh is to identify the optimal method of mesenchymal stem cells cultivation on the tubular biodegradable scaffold from L-polylactide. The comparative evaluation of the static and dynamic cultivation methods was performed. Proposed method of combining filtration method of cell integration and dynamic cultivation has proved its higher efficiency and is suitable for further development of TEVI.

Curcumin presents antioxidant and anti-inflammatory properties and can be considered as a neuroprotector. Data on doses and duration of application of curcumin to achieve protective effects in various types of ischemic brain injury is controversial. The purpose was to study the neuroprotective properties of curcumin in the acute phase of ischemia in chronic cerebral hypoperfusion in rats. It is shown that a single application of curcumin (300 mg/kg, i.p.) is not has neuroprotective effect in the acute phase of ischemia in chronic hypoperfusion in Wistar rats. The results allow to conclude that the neuroprotective effect of a single application of curcumin.

The research is devoted to the investigating of the possibility of using colloidal quantum dots, covered by various layers and nanoparticles of chitosan labelled with indocyanin green for fluorescence imaging in vitro and in vivo. Pure quantum dots and dots in the shell synthesized from 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane and in the shell of albumin were investigated. Research using fluorescence Visualizer IVIS Lumina LT Series III (Perkin Elmer, USA) was conducted. The possibility of using quantum dots for in vitro diagnostics, and chitosan nanoparticles - in vitro and in vivo was presented.

In the present work modern approaches to investigation of isolated vessel's vasoactive properties with myography method were described. Authors give detailed illustrated description to the vessels preparation technique and order of actions during myography based on own experience and published data. Authors described approaches to investigate mechanical properties of vessel wall and vasoactive properties with wire myography method.

Introduction. The search for new compounds with cardioprotective activity among the derivatives of heterocyclic amino acids and 5-hydroxynicotinic acid seems promising. Objective - to study cardioprotective effects of selected compounds. Material and methods. Modeling of cardiomyopathy was carried out by administration of doxorubicin (20 mg/kg), after 48 hours, the left ventricular contractility was evaluated in a high rhythm of contractions of 480 beats per minute for 15 seconds against the background of Ca²⁺ concentration increase up to 5 mmol in the perfusate. As a criterion for evaluating the cardioprotective effect of pharmacological agents, the S_tTTI. Results. Substances show a cardioprotective effect, which is expressed in a decrease in the rate of coronary perfusion and the coefficient of diastolic dysfunction (S_tTTI). Conclusion. Studied derivatives reduce diastolic dysfunction, reduce irreversible damage to cardiomyocytes.